Chapter 11 Terms Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
pertaining to the adrenal glands
A
adrenal
2
Q
pertaining to the ovary
A
ovarian
3
Q
pertaining to the pancreas
A
pancreatic
4
Q
pertaining to the parathyroid glands
A
parathyroidal
5
Q
pertaining to the pineal gland
A
pineal
6
Q
pertaining to the pituitary gland
A
pituitary
7
Q
pertaining to the testes
A
testicular
8
Q
pertaining to the thymus gland
A
thymic
9
Q
pertaining to the thyroid gland
A
thyroidal
10
Q
branch of medicine involving diagnosis and treatment of conditions and disease of endocrine glands
A
endocrinology
11
Q
enlarged adrenal glands
A
adrenomegaly
12
Q
general term for adrenal disease
A
adrenopathy
13
Q
excessive fluid in body tissues
A
edema
14
Q
general term for disease involving the endocrine system
A
endocrinopathy
15
Q
protruding eyeballs, a sign of excessive thyroid hormone
A
exophthalmos
16
Q
sugar in the urine
A
glycosuria
17
Q
development of breast tissue in males
A
gynecomastia
18
Q
excessive amount of hair; a sign of hormone imbalance
A
hirsutism
19
Q
excessive calcium in the blood; a sign of hypersecretion of PTH
A
hypercalcemia
20
Q
excessive sugar in the blood; a sign of diabetes mellitus
A
hyperglycemia
21
Q
excessive potassium in the blood
A
hyperkalemia
22
Q
excessive hormone production by endocrine gland
A
hypersecretion
23
Q
insufficient calcium in the blood; a sign of insufficient parathyroid hormone
A
hypocalcemia
24
Q
insufficient sugar in the blood
A
hypoglycemia
25
insufficient sodium in the blood
hyponatremia
26
insufficient hormone production by endocrine gland
hyposecretion
27
having and abnormal amount of body fat
obesity
28
excessive feeling of thirst
polydipsia
29
producing an excessive amount of urine
polyuria
30
group of symptoms and signs that combine to present a clinical picture of disease or condition
syndrome
31
enlarged thyroid gland
thyromegaly
32
hyposecretion of adrenocortical hormones; symptoms include increased pigmentation, generalized weakness, and weight loss
Addison's disease
33
development of female secondary sex characteristics in males; often the result of increase estrogen secretion by the adrenal cortex
adrenal feminization
34
development of male secondary sex characteristics in females; often the result of increased androgen secretion by the adrenal cortex
adrenal virilism
35
inflammation of adrenal glands
adrenalitis
36
set of symptoms caused by excessive cortisol levels; presents with weakness, edmea, excessive hair growth, skin discoloration, and osteoporosis
cushing's syndrome
37
usually benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes excessive secretion of epinephrine; leads to anxiety, heart palpitations, dyspnea, and headache
pheochromocytoma
38
a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism resulting in hyperglycemia and glycosuria; there are two distinct forms-- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM, type 2)
diabetes mellitus (DM)
39
pancreas stops insulin production; occurs early in life; patient must take daily insulin injections
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1)
40
pancreas produces normal to high levels of insulin and cells fail to respond; occurs later in life; patient take oral hypoglycemics and may eventually need insulin injections
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, type 2)
41
damage to the blood vessels of the retina secondary to diabetes mellitus
diabetic retinopathy
42
tumor of the islets of langerhans; causes excessive insulin secretion
insulinoma
43
excess of acidic ketone bodies; serious complication of diabetes mellitus
ketoacidosis
44
damage to nerves in lower legs and hands secondary to diabetes mellitus
peripheral neuropathy
45
hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone; results in high blood calcium levels
hyperparathyroidism
46
hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone; results in low blood calcium levels
hypoparathyroidism
47
degeneration of bones due to hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone
Recklinghausen disease
48
nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps due to hypocalcemia
tetany
49
chronic hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults; causes enlargement of bones of the head and extremities
acromegaly
50
hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone; symptoms include polyuria and polydipsia
diabetes insipidus (DI)
51
hyposecretion of growth hormone in children; causes short stature
dwarfism
52
hypersecretion of growth hormone in adolescent; results in very tall stature
gigantism
53
hypersecretion of one or more pituitary hormones
hyperpituitarism
54
hyposecretion of one or more pituitary hormones
hypopituitarism
55
hyposecretion of all pituitary hormones; causes problems with the glands controlled by the pituitary gland
panhypopituitarism
56
inflammation of the thymus gland
thymitis
57
tumor in the thymus gland
thymoma
58
congenital condition in which a lack of thyroid hormones causes arrested physical and mental development
congenital hypothyroidism
59
enlargement of the thyroid gland
goiter
60
overactive thyroid; symptoms include exophthalmos and goiter
Graves' disease
61
autoimmune destruction of the thyroid; results in hyposecretion of thyroid hormones
hashimoto's thyroiditis
62
hypersecretion of thyroid hormones
hyperthyroidism
63
hyposecretion of thyroid hormones
hypothyroidism
64
hyposecretion of the thyroid in an adult; symptoms include swollen facial feature, edema, anemia, and drowsiness
myxedema
65
markes hypersecretion of the thyroid gland; symptoms include rapid heart rate, tremors, thyromegaly, and weight loss
thyrotoxicosis
66
cancerous tumor in a gland that produces hormones; may cause hypersecretion pathologies
adenocarcinoma
67
measures blood levels of substances like calcium, glucose, and hormones
blood serum test
68
measures glucose in the bloodstream after a 12-hour fast
fasting blood sugar (FBS)
69
measures blood sugar level over several hours after person is given a large dose of glucose
glucose tolerance test (GTT)
70
measures T4 blood level; iodine in the hormone becomes bound to blood proteins
protein-bound iodine test (PBI)
71
measures levels of hormones in blood using radioactively tagged hormones
radioimmunoassay (RIA)
72
measures levels of T3, T4, and TSH in blood
thyroid function test (TFT)
73
measures calcium in the blood; used to diagnose parathyroid of bone disorders
total calcium
74
evaluates glucose metabolism; patient eats a high-carbohydrate diet then fasts overnight, after which a blood sample is taken two hours after a meal
two-hour postprandial glucose tolerance test
75
ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland
thyroid echography
76
nuclear medicine imaging test based on accumulation of radioactive iodine in thyroid gland
thyroid scan
77
surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
adrenalectomy
78
large dose of radioactive iodine given to kill thyroid gland cells without surgery
chemical thyroidectomy
79
instrument used to measure the amount of glucose in the bloodstream
glucometer
80
artificial replacement of hormones in patients with hyposecretion disorders
hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
81
removal of the adrenal gland through a small abdominal incision using endoscopic instruments
laparoscopic adrenalectomy
82
removal of a lobe of a gland
lobectomy
83
surgical removal of one or more parathyroid glands
parathyroidectomy
84
surgical removal of the pineal gland
pinealectomy
85
surgical removal of the thymus gland
thymectomy
86
surgical removal of the thyroid gland
thyroidectomy
87
block production of thyroid hormones
antithyroid agents
88
insert water channels in the nephron to treat hyponatremia
aquaretics
89
replaces adrenal cortex hormones; also used as an anti-inflammatory
corticosteroids
90
replacement of human growth hormone
human growth hormone therapy
91
replaces insulin for type 1 diabetes mellitus
insulin
92
decreases blood sugar in type 2 diabetes mellitus
oral hypoglycemic agents
93
replaces thyroid hormones
thyroid replacement hormone
94
a
alpha
95
ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone
96
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
97
B
beta
98
BMR
basal metabolic rate
99
cap(s)
capsule(s)
100
CT
calcitonin
101
DI
diabetes insipidus
102
DM
diabetes mellitus
103
FBS
fasting blood sugar
104
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
105
GH
growth hormone
106
GTT
glucose tolerance test
107
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
108
IDDM
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
109
inj
injection
110
K+
potassium
111
LH
luteinizing hormone
112
MSH
melanocyte-stimulating hormone
113
Na+
sodium
114
NIDDM
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
115
NPH
neutral protamine Hagedorn (insulin)
116
od
overdose
117
PBI
protein-bound iodine
118
PRL
prolactin
119
PTH
parathyroid hormone
120
RAI
radioactive iodine
121
RIA
radioimmunoassay
122
T3
triiodothyronine
123
T4
thyroxine
124
TFT
thyroid function test
125
TSH
thyroid-stimulating hormone
