Chapter 5 Concepts

Question 1

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

distribute blood to all areas of body, deliver needed substances to cells, remove waste from cells

Question 2

What are the organs of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 2

heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins

Question 3

Blood delivers ____ and ____ to the cells

Answer 3

oxygen; nutrients

Question 4

Blood delivers waste to the ____, _____, and ______ for elimination

Answer 4

lungs; liver; kidneys

Question 5

What is systemic circulation

Answer 5

carries blood from heart to the body and from the body to the heart

Question 6

what is pulmonary circulation

Answer 6

carries blood from heart to the lungs and from the lungs to the heart

Question 7

The heart has ___ chambers

Answer 7

4

Question 8

It averages ____-____ bpms, or about _____ beats per day

Answer 8

60-100; 100,000

Question 9

The heart is located in the _____

Answer 9

mediastinum

Question 10

What are the three layers of the heart (Outer to Inner)

Answer 10

Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium

Question 11

Functions of the Epicardium

Answer 11

Forms the visceral layer of pericardial sac, reduces friction as the heart beats

Question 12

functions of the myocardium

Answer 12

develops the pressure required to pump blood through the blood vessels

Question 13

functions of the endocardium

Answer 13

thin layer that reduces friction as the blood passes through heart chambers

Question 14

The two upper chambers are called ___, while the two lower chambers are called ____, and are separated by the ____

Answer 14

atria; ventricles; septum

Question 15

Blood enters the ____ through ____

Answer 15

atria; veins

Question 16

Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the _____ via ______

Answer 16

right atria; vena cavae

Question 17

oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the ______ via ______

Answer 17

left atria; pulmonary veins

Question 18

True or False: the ventricles are the pumping chambers of the heart

Answer 18

true

Question 19

blood exits the ventricles through ____

Answer 19

arteries

Question 20

________ exits the _____ and moves to the lungs via the ________

Answer 20

deoxygenated blood; right ventricle; pulmonary artery

Question 21

______ exits the ______ and moves to the body via the _____

Answer 21

oxygenated blood; left ventricle; aorta

Question 22

What are the four valves

Answer 22

tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic

Question 23

The _______ valve control the opening between the right atrium and ventricle

Answer 23

tricuspid

Question 24

The _____ valve controls the opening between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Answer 24

Pulmonary

Question 25

The ____ valve controls the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Answer 25

mitral

Question 26

The ____ valve controls the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta

Answer 26

aoritc

Question 27

What path does the deoxygenated blood flow in the heart? (deoxygenated blood)

Answer 27

superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs

Question 28

what path does the oxygenated blood flow in the heart?

Answer 28

lungs, four pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, body

Question 29

the relaxation phase is _____ and the contraction phase is _____

Answer 29

diastole; systole

Question 30

The ____ ____ begins the electrical impulse and cause the ____ to contract

Answer 30

sinoatrial node; atria

Question 31

The _____ ____ transfers stimulation to the atrioventricular bundle

Answer 31

atrioventricular node

Question 32

what are the three types of blood vessels

Answer 32

arteries, capillaries, veins

Question 33

The ____ is the channel within the blood vessels

Answer 33

lumen

Question 34

arteries carry blood ____ from the heart

Answer 34

away

Question 35

arteries become _____ when they get smaller

Answer 35

arterioles

Question 36

Capillaries connect _____ and ____

Answer 36

arteries; veins

Question 37

Capillaries are the location of ____

Answer 37

diffusion

Question 38

veins carry blood ____ the heart

Answer 38

toward

Question 39

What does blood pressure measure

Answer 39

the force exerted by blood against vessel walls

Question 40

True or false: blood is under a lot of pressure during systole and under little pressure during diastole

Answer 40

true

Question 41

What can affect blood pressure

Answer 41

elasticity of arteries, diameter of blood vessels, viscosity of the blood, amount of resistance to blood flow