Chapter 6 Terms Flashcards
(182 cards)
1
Q
pertaining to a WBC that attracts a basic pH stain
A
basophilic
2
Q
pertaining to a WBC that attracts a rosy red stain
A
eosinophilic
3
Q
pertaining to a red blood cell
A
erythrocytic
4
Q
pertaining to having fibers
A
fibrinous
5
Q
pertaining to blood
A
hematic
6
Q
pertaining to a white blood cell
A
leukocytic
7
Q
pertaining to a WBC formed in lymphatic tissue
A
lymphocytic
8
Q
pertaining to a WBC with a single large nucleus
A
monocytic
9
Q
pertaining to a WBC that attracts neutral pH stain
A
neutrophilic
10
Q
pertaining to blood
A
Sanguineous
11
Q
pertaining to a clotting cell or platelets
A
thrombocytic
12
Q
pertaining to a clot
A
thrombotic
13
Q
The branch of medicine specializing in treatment of diseases and conditions of the blood.
A
hematology
14
Q
the convert a liquid to a solid, as in blood clotting
A
coagulate
15
Q
general term for disease affecting blood
A
dyscrasia
16
Q
Collection of blood under the skin as a result of blood escaping into tissue from damaged blood vessels
A
hematoma
17
Q
blood flowing out of a vessel
A
hemorrhage
18
Q
a hard collection of fibrin, blood cells, and tissue debris that is the result of the blood-clotting process
A
thrombus
19
Q
genetic disorder; blood fails to clot due to lack of one clotting factor
A
hemophilia
20
Q
excessive level of lipids in the bloodstream; risk factor for atherosclerosis
A
hyperlipidemia
21
Q
having too few of all blood cells
A
pancytopenia
22
Q
having bacteria or their toxins in the bloodstream; also called blood poisoning
A
septicemia
23
Q
group of conditions characterized by a reduction in number of RBCs or the amount of hemoglobin; results in less oxygen reaching tissues
A
anemia
24
Q
severe anemia; red bone marrow stops making sufficient blood cells; may require bone marrow transplant
A
aplastic anemia
25
condition of having too many RBCs
erythrocytosis
26
condition of having too few RBCs
erythropenia
27
results from destruction of RBCs
hemolytic anemia
28
destruction of RBCs when a patient receives an incompatible blood transfusion
hemolytic reaction
29
results from insufficient amount of hemoglobin in RBCs; RBCs are unable to transport sufficient oxygen
hypochromic anemia
30
results from an insufficient amount of iron to make hemoglobin for RBCs
iron-deficiency anemia
31
insufficient absorption of vitamin B12; unable to make enough RBCs
pernicious anemia (PA)
32
condition of having too many RBCs; blood is too thick and flows sluggishly
Polycythemia vera
33
genetic disorder where RBCs take on abnormal sickle shape; become more fragile leading to hemolytic anemia
sickle cell anemia
34
genetic disorder in which the body is unable to produce functioning hemoglobin
thalassemia
35
cancer of white blood cell forming portion of red bone marrow; results in large number of abnormal and immature WBCs circulating in bloodstream
leukemia
36
condition of having too many WBCs
leukocytosis
37
condition of having too few WBCs
leukopenia
38
type of leukemia in which the abnormal WBCs are lymphocytes
lymphocytic leukemia
39
type of leukemia in which the abnormal WBCs are granulocytes
myeloid leukemia
40
Condition of having too few platelets
thrombocytopenia
41
condition of having too many platelets
thrombocytosis
42
automated machine that analyzes different characteristics of a blood specimen
blood analyzer
43
incubation of blood to identify bacteria and determine the best antibiotic to use against them
blood culture and sensitivity (C&S)
44
set of tests that includes RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell differential, and platelet count
Complete blood count (CBC)
45
determines the rate at which RBCs settle in a test tube
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
46
measure volumes of RBCs
hematocrit (HCT, Hct, crit)
47
measure amount of hemoglobin present
Hemoglobin (Hgb, hb HGB)
48
determines the number of platelets
platelet count
49
measures how long it takes for blood to coagulate and form a clot
Prothrombin time (pro-time, PT)
50
measures the number of red blood cells
red blood cell count (RBC)
51
examines RBCs for abnormalities in shape
red blood cell morphology
52
measures the number of white blood cells
white blood cell count (WBC)
53
determines the number of each variety of white blood cell
white blood cell differential (diff)
54
sample of bone marrow removed by aspiration and examining for diseases such as leukemia and aplastic anemia
bone marrow aspiration
55
incision into vein in order to withdraw blood for testing; also called venipuncture
phlebotomy
56
collection and storage of patient's own blood prior to actual need
autologous transfusion
57
artificial transfer of blood into the bloodstream
blood transfusion
58
patient receives red bone marrow from donor after patient's own bone marrow has been destroyed
bone marrow transplant (BMT)
59
replacement of blood with blood from another person
homologous transfusion
60
transfusion of only red blood cells without plasma
packed red cells
61
removal of whole blood, followed by separation of plasma from formed elements; formed elements are returned to the patient with donor plasma
plasmapheresis
62
transfusion that is a mixture of both plasma and formed elements
whole blood
63
the sum action of two or more drugs given to a patient; the total strength is equal to the sum strength of the individual drugs
additive
64
a condition in which a particular drug should not be used
contraindication
65
alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug taken at the same time
drug interaction
66
use of one drug to boost the effects of another; the total strength is greater than the sum of the individual strengths
potentiation
67
prevents blood clot formation
anticoagulant
68
prevents bleeding
antihemorrhagic
69
interferes with action of platelets
antiplatelet agent
70
dissolves existing clots
fibrinolytic
71
increases RBCs or hemoglobin
hematinic
72
ac
before meals
73
ALL
acute lymphocytic leukemia
74
AML
acute myelogenous leukemia
75
ante
before
76
basos
basophils
77
BMT
bone marrow transplant
78
CBC
complete blood count
79
CLL
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
80
CML
chronic myelogenous leukemia
81
diff
differential
82
eosins, eos
eosinophils
83
ESR, SR, sed rate
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
84
et
and
85
HCT, Hct, crit
hematocrit
86
Hgb, Hb, HGB
hemoglobin
87
lymphs
lymphocytes
88
monos
monocytes
89
PA
Pernicious anemia
90
pc
after meals
91
PCV
packed cell volume
92
PMN, polys
polymorphonuclear neutrophil
93
PT, pro-time
prothrombin time
94
RBC
red blood cell
95
Rh+
Rh positive
96
Rh-
Rh negative
97
segs
segmented neutrophil
98
WBC
white blood cell
99
pertaining to the underarm region
axillary
100
pertaining to the groin region
inguinal
101
pertaining to the lymph vessels
lymphangial
102
pertaining to lymph
lymphatic
103
pertaining to the spleen
splenic
104
pertaining to the thymus gland
thymic
105
pertaining to the tonsils
tonisllar
106
physician who specializes in testing and treating allergies
allergist
107
branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and other disorders of the immune system
immunology
108
branch of medicine concerned with determining the underlying causes and development of diseases
pathology
109
appearance of wheals as part of allergic reaction
hives
110
tissues' response to injury; includes redness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to touch
inflammation
111
edema in the extremities due to an obstruction of lymph flow through lymphatic vessels
lymphedema
112
an enlarged spleen
splenomegaly
113
severe itching associated with hives; linked to food allergies, stress, or drug reactions
urticaria
114
inflammation and narrowing of airways triggered by inhaling allergens
allergic asthma
115
inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by allergens in the air
allergic conjunctivitis
116
an allergic reaction caused by inhaling an allergen
allergic rhinitis
117
hypersensitivity to a common substance; substance is called an allergen
allergy
118
life-threatening condition from severe allergic reaction; circulatory and respiratory problems occur; also called anaphylaxis
anaphylactic shock
119
skin irritation caused by the skin coming in direct contact with an allergen
contact dermatitis
120
adenoiditis
inflammation of the adenois
121
disease resulting from immune system attacking its own body; examples include rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
autoimmune disease
122
inflammation and obstruction of lymph vessels; results in enlarged tissues due to edema
elephantiasis
123
cancer of the lymphatic cells found in concentration in lymph nodes
Hodgkin's disease (HD)
124
Inflammation of lymph nodes; commonly called swollen glands
lymphadenitis
125
general term for lymph node disease
lymphadenopathy
126
tumor in a lymphatic vessel
lymphangioma
127
tumor in lymphatic tissue
lymphoma
128
acute viral infection with a large number of atypical lymphocytes
mononucleosis (mono)
129
cancer of the lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin's lymphoma
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)
130
tumor of the thymus gland
thymoma
131
inflammation of the tonsils
tonsillitis
132
defect in cell-mediated immunity; result of final stages of HIV infection
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
133
early stage of AIDS; mild symptoms include weight loss, fatigue, anorexia
AIDS-related complex (ARC)
134
complication of bone marrow transplant; immune cells from donor marrow attack recipient's body
graft versus host disease (GVHD)
135
virus that causes AIDS; known as a retrovirus
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
136
immune system does not function properly; also called immunodeficiency disorder
immunocompromised
137
skin cancer seen in AIDS patients; brownish-purple skin lesions that spread to organs
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)
138
cancer that originates in plasma cells; over time, malignant cells collect in the bone marrow
multiple myeloma
139
infection appearing in an immunocompromised person
opportunistic infection
140
common in AIDS patients; an opportunistic infection
pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
141
autoimmune disease; forms fibrous lesions in multiple organs of body
sarcoidosis
142
genetic disorder; individuals are born without a functioning immune system
severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCIDS)
143
infection by a group of bacteria with resistance to antibiotics called carbapenems; occurs in healthcare settings
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection
144
infection causes inflammation of the colon; symptoms include diarrhea, nausea, fever, and abdominal pain
Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection
145
infection with bacteria resistant to many common antibiotics; spread through contact with contaminated surfaces
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection
146
Blood test to diagnose autoimmune disease; presence of antibodies indicates the immune system is attacking the body
antinuclear antibody test (ANA)
147
blood test for HIV that detects both HIV antigens and antibodies; antigens can be detected shortly after exposure and antibodies can be detected within eight weeks
HIV antigen/antibody immunoassay
148
x-ray record of lymphatic vessels
lymphangiogram
149
x-ray taken of lymphatic vessels after injection of dye
lymphangiography
150
images of soft tissues created using electromagnetic energy; when exposed to the magnetic field, nuclei in the body's atoms emit radio-frequency signals
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
151
blood test for infectious mononucleosis
monospot
152
allergy testing in which body is exposed to allergens through light scratch, injection, patch, or prick of the skin
skin allergy testing
153
immunotherapy in which a regular injection of a tiny amount of allergen in administered; over time, sensitivity to the allergen is reduced
allergy shots
154
injection of immunoglobulin or antibodies to treat a disease
immunotherapy
155
exposure to weakened pathogen to stimulate immune response; person is then able to fight off the pathogen on subsequent exposure; also called immunization
vaccination
156
surgical removal of the adenoids
adenoidectomy
157
surgical removal of a lymph node; done to test for malignancy
lymphadenectomy
158
surgical removal of the spleen
splenectomy
159
surgical removal of the thymus gland
thymectomy
160
surgical removal of the tonsils
tonsillectomy
161
blocks the effects of histamine released during allergic reaction
antihistamine
162
anti-inflammatory hormones; used to treat autoimmune diseases
corticosteroids
163
block immune system; prevent rejection of transplanted organs
immuno-suppressants
164
inhibit protease, and enzyme needed for viruses to reproduce
protease inhibitor drugs
165
inhibit reverse transcriptase. an enzyme needed for viruses to reproduce
reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs
166
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
167
ANA
antinuclear antibody
168
ARC
AIDS-related complex
169
C. diff
Clostridium Difficile
170
CRE
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
171
GVHD
graft versus host disease
172
HAI
healthcare-associated infection
173
HD
Hodgkin's Disease
174
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
175
Ig, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM
immunoglobulin
176
KS
Kaposi's Sarcoma
177
mono
mononucleosis
178
MRSA
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
179
NHL
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
180
NK
natural killer cells
181
PCP
pneumocystis pneumonia
182
SCIDS
severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome
