Chapter 11 Textbook

Question 1

Define PST.

Answer 1

a systematic and consistent practice of mental or psychological skills for the purpose of enhancing performance, increasing enjoyment, or achieving greater sport and physical activity self satisfaction.

Question 2

The importance of mental skills is seen in the highly valued attribute of _____ _____.

Answer 2

mental toughness

Question 3

In the 1950s, the first country to systemically engage in mental skills with athletes and coaches was the ______.

Answer 3

Soviet Union

Question 4

Describe the mental toughness of olympic athletes.

Answer 4

gold medalists perceived mental toughness as a crucial prerequisite of athletic sucess

Question 5

What does mental toughness have to do with?

Answer 5

• athlete’s ability to focus
• ability to rebound from failure
• ability to cope with pressure
• determination to persist in the face of adversity
• mental resistance

Question 6

Most coaches consider sport to be at least ___% mental when competing against an opponent of similar ability.

Answer 6

50%

Question 7

Golf, tennis, and figure skating are consistently viewed as ____ to ___% mental.

Answer 7

80-90%

Question 8

What is the 4C model in defining mental toughness?

Answer 8

• control
• commitment
• challenge
• confidence

Question 9

____ factors account primarily for day-to-day fluctuations in performance.

Answer 9

psychological

Question 10

Name 5 things that educational sport psychologists do.

Answer 10

• goal setting
• imagery
• arousal regulation
• concentration
• mental preparation

Question 11

Name 5 things that clinical sport psychologists help treat.

Answer 11

• eating disorders
• substance abuse
• personality disorders
• severe depression or anxiety
• psychopathology

Question 12

Psychological skills can be learned, but they must be…

Answer 12

practiced over time and integrated into a person’s daily training regimen.

Question 13

How do more successful players differ from less successful ones?

Answer 13

how developed their psychological skills are

Question 14

Coaches and athletes would find these topics most useful in PST programs:

Answer 14

• arousal regulation
• imagery (mental preparation)
• confidence building
• increasing motivation and commitment (goal setting)
• attention or concentration skills (self-talk, mental plans)
• coping with injury

Question 15

Psychological skills training that is _____ based enhances sport performance.

Answer 15

educationally

Question 16

What are the 3 phases of PST programs?

Answer 16

• education phase
• acquisition phase
• practice phase

Question 17

How long does the education phase last?

Answer 17

may last for as little as an hour or for as long as several hours over the course of a few days

Question 18

The acquisition phase focuses on:

Answer 18

strategies and techniques for learning the various psychological skills

Question 19

What are the 3 primary objectives of the practice phase?

Answer 19

• to automate skills through overlearning
• to teach people to systemically integrate psychological skills into their performance situations
• to stimulate skills people will want to apply in actual competition

Question 20

The 5 stage model of athlete self-regulation begins with _____ _____.

Answer 20

problem identification

Question 21

What is stage 2 of the model of athlete self-regulation?

Answer 21

commitment

Question 22

What is stage 3 of the model of athlete self-regulation?

Answer 22

execution

Question 23

What is stage 4 of the model of athlete self-regulation?

Answer 23

environmental management

Question 24

What is stage 5 of the model of athlete self-regulation?

Answer 24

generalization

Question 25

Name 4 of the most popular assessments with SPCs.

Answer 25

- test of attentional and interpersonal style - sport anxiety scale - test of performance strategies - trait-state confidence inventory

Question 26

What 4 mental skills are emphasized in Vealey's model?

Answer 26

- foundation skills - performance skills - personal development skills - team skills

Question 27

What are foundation skills?

Answer 27

intrapersonal resources that are the basic mental skills necessary to achieve success

Question 28

Foundation skills include:

Answer 28

- achievement drive - self-awareness - productive thinking - self-confidence

Question 29

What are performance skills?

Answer 29

mental abilities critical to the execution of skills during sport performance

Question 30

Performance skills include:

Answer 30

- energy management - attentional focus - perceptual-motor skill

Question 31

What are personal development skills?

Answer 31

mental skills that represent significant maturational markers of personal development allowing for high level psychological functioning through clarity of self-concept, feelings of well-being, and a sense of relatedness to others

Question 32

Personal development skills include:

Answer 32

- identity achievement | - interpersonal competence

Question 33

What are team skills?

Answer 33

collective qualities of the team that are instrumental to an effective team climate and overall team success

Question 34

Team skills include:

Answer 34

- leadership - cohesion - team confidence

Question 35

What are the 3 phases of periodization?

Answer 35

- preparatory phase - competitive phase - peaking phase

Question 36

Name 3 things that evaluation of the PST program does.

Answer 36

- provides feedback for gauging the program's effectiveness, then modifying if necessary - allows participants to suggest changes in how the program is conducted - the only way to objectively judge whether the program has achieved its goals