Chapter 14 Textbook Flashcards
(44 cards)
Research indicates that the factor most consistently distinguishing highly successful from less successful athletes is ______.
confidence
What is state self-confidence?
confidence that you feel today and therefore it might be unstable
What is trait self-confidence?
confidecne that is a part of your personality and thus very stable
When you expect something to go wrong, you are creating what is called a _____ ______ ______.
self-fulfilling prophecy
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
expecting something to happen actually helps cause it to happen
Give an example of someone overcoming a negative self-fulfilling prophecy.
- how Roger Bannister broke the 4 minute mile
- before 1954, most people claimed that running a mile in under 4 minutes was physiologically impossible
- Bannister believed that he could break the 4 minute mark under the right conditions and he did
- in the next year more than a dozen runners broke the 4 minute mile (runners believed it could be done)
What are the 5 types of self-confidence in sport?
- confidence about one’s ability to execute physical skills
- confidence about one’s ability to use psychological skills
- confidence about one’s ability to use perceptual skills
- confidence in one’s level of physical fitness and training status
- confidence in one’s learning potential or ability to improve one’s skill
Self-confidence is characterized by a ____ ______ of success.
high expectancy
Optimal self-confidence means…., not necessarily… but it is essential to…
- being so convinced that you can achieve your goals that you will strive hard to do so
- does not necessarily mean that you will always perform well
- essential to reaching your potential
How do self-doubts undermine performance?
- create anxiety
- break concentration
- cause indecisiveness
Individuals lacking confidence focus on their _____ rather than their ______.
- shortcomings
- strengths
Overconfident people are actually _____ confident. Their confidence is greater than their _____.
- falsely
- abilities
_____ is much less of a problem than _______.
- overconfidence
- underconfidence
What is the most common situation of overconfidence?
- 2 athletes or teams of different abilities play each other
- better player or team often approached the competition overconfidently
Bandura argued that overconfidence is simply _____ _______ explanation for ______ and that it doesn’t truly exist.
- a post hoc explanation
- failure
Describe why bandura claims overconfidence doesn’t exist.
- athletes who lose to an inferior opponent will often say they took the opponent too lightly and simply didn’t prepare well enough
- if they win, they will almost never say that they were overconfident but still won
What are the 4 components of the sport confidence model?
- constructs of sport confidence
- sources of sport confidence
- consequences of sport confidence
- factors influencing sport confidence
What makes up factors influencing sport confidence?
- demographic and personality characteristics
- organizational culture
What makes up sources of sport confidence?
- achievement
- self-regulation
- social climate
What makes up constructs of sport confidence?
- confidence in decision making skills
- confidence in physical skills and training
- confidence in resiliency
What makes up the consequences of sport confidence?
- affect
- behaviour
- cognition
Positive expectations for success have been shown to produce:
positive effects in many realms of life, including sport
Name 3 ways that a coach’s expectation can influence player’s behaviours.
- frequency and quality of coach-athlete interaction
- quantity and quality of instruction
- type and frequency of feedback
Low-expectation athletes exhibit poorer performances because:
they receive less effective reinforcement and get less playing time
