Chapter 13 Gastrointestinal Tract Key Terms Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

Localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue.

A

abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

process of nutrient molecules passing through wall of intestine into blood or lymph system.

A

absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

also known as the digestive tract; includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and small and large intestine.

A

alimentary tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a fecalith or calcification located in the appendix

A

appendicolith

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

accumulation of serous fluid in the abdomen

A

ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

entrance of the esophagus into the stomach

A

cardiac orifice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hormone secreted into the blood by the mucosa of the upper small intestine; stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pancreatic secretion of enzymes

A

cholecystokinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

inflammation of the bowl, accompanied by abscess and bowl wall thickining

A

Crohn’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

a pouchlike herniation through the muscular wall of a tubular organ that occurs in the stomach, the small intestine, or most commonly, the colon

A

diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

first part of the duodenum

A

duodenal bulb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

calcified deposit within the appendix; appendicitis can develop when the appendix becomes blocked by hard fecal matter

A

fecalith

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

endocrine hormone released from the stomach (stimulates secretion of gastric acid)

A

gastrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

helps support the lesser curvature of the stomach

A

gastrohepatic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

A

gastrophrenic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ligament between the stomach and the spleen; helps support the stomach and spleen

A

gastrosplenic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

double fold of the peritoneum attached to the duodenum, stomach, and large intestine; helps support the greater curve of the stomach; known as the fatty apron

A

greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

normal segmentation of the wall of the colon

18
Q

collection of blood

19
Q

ascending colon rises from the right lower quadrant to bend at this point to form the transverse colon

A

hepatic flexure

20
Q

membranous extension of the peritoneum that suspends the stomach and duodenum from the liver; helps to support the lesser curvature of the stomach

A

lesser omentum

21
Q

ligament between the spleen and the kidney that helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

A

lienorenal ligament

22
Q

malignancy of the lymph nodes, spleen, or liver

23
Q

located by drawling a line from the right anterosuperior iliac spine to the umbilicus; at approximately the midpoint of this line lies the root of the appendix

A

McBurney’s point

24
Q

site of maximum tenderness in the right lower quadrant; usually seen with appendicitis

A

McBurney’s sign

25
congenital sac or blind pouch found in the lower portion of the ileum
Meckel's diverticulum
26
a fold from the parietal peritoneum that attaches to the small intestine, anchoring it to the posterior abdominal wall
mesentery
27
fifth layer of bowel
mesothelium
28
first layer of bowel
mucosa
29
third layer of bowel
muscularis
30
dilated fluid-filled bowel loops without peristalsis
paralytic ileus
31
rhythmic dilation and contraction of the gastrointestinal tract as food is propelled through it
peristalsis
32
a small tumor-like growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface
polyp
33
muscle that connects the stomach to the proximal duodenum
pyloric canal
34
inner folds of the stomach wall
rugae
35
released from small bowel as antacid; stimulates secretion of bicarbonate
secretin
36
forth layer of bowel; thin, loose layer of connective tissue, surrounded by mesothelium covering the intraperitoneal bowl loops
serosa
37
the transverse colon travels horizontally across the abdomen and bends at this point to form the descending colon
splenic flexure
38
one of the layers of the bowl, under the mucosal layer, contains blood vessels and lymph channels
submucosa
39
characteristic of gastrointestinal wall thickening consisting of an echogenic center and a hypoechoic rim
target sign
40
normal segmentation of the small bowel
valvulae conniventes
41
inner folds of the small intestine
villi