Flashcards in Chapter 14 Deck (70)
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Study of disease
Structural and functional changes in body
Pathology
1
Study of the cause of disease
Etiology
2
Development of disease
Pathogensis
3
Ability of a microorganism to cause disease by overcoming the defense of the host
Pathogenicity
4
The degree or extent of pathogenicity
Virulence
5
Colonization of the body by pathogens
Infection
6
An abnormal state in which the body is not functionally normal
Disease
7
Maybe present for days, weeks or months
Transient microbiota
8
Permanently colonize the host
Normal Microbiota
9
Is the relationship between normal microbiota and the host
Symbiosis
10
Nose & throat
Eyes
Mouth
Skin
Large intestine
Urinary & reproductive systems
Locations of normal microbiota
11
Competitive exclusions
Competition between microbes
Microbial antagonism
12
Proteinaceous toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strains
Bacteriocins
13
Are live applied to or ingested into the body, intended to exert a beneficial effect
Probiotics
14
Are used to prove the cause, etiology, of an infectious disease
Koch's postulates
15
1. Same pathogen must be present in every case of the disease
2. The pathogen must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture
3. Pathogen from pure culture must cause the disease when inn ovulated into healthy animal
4. Pathogen must be isolated from inoculated animal and must be shown to be the original organism
Koch postulates
16
A change in body function that is felt by a patient as a result of disease.
These subjective changes are not apparent to an observer
Symptom
17
Specific group of signs and symptoms that accompany a disease
Syndrome
18
A disease that spread from one host to another either directly or indirectly (genital heroes, TB)
Communicable disease
19
A disease that is easily spread from one host to another by direct contact or by contact with bodily fluids
Contagious disease
20
A disease that is not transmitted from one host to another
Non communicable disease
21
1. Communicable disease
2. Contagious disease
3. Noncomminicable disease
Classifying infectious disease
22
1. Incidence
2. Prevelence
3. Sporadic disease
4. Endemic disease
5. Epidemic disease
6. Pandemic disease
7. Herd immunity
Occurrence of disease
23
Fraction of population that contracts a disease during a specific time
Incidence
24
Fraction of a population having a specific disease at a given time
Prevelence
25
Disease that occurs occasionally in a population
Sporadic disease
26
Disease constantly present in a population
Endemic population
27
Disease acquires by many hosts in a given area in a short time
Epidemic disease
28
Worldwide epidemic
Pandemic disease
29
