Chapter 18

Question 0

Suspension of living organisms or fractions of organisms or inactivated bacterial toxins that are used to induce active immunity

Answer 0

Vaccination

Question 1

Inoculation if smallpox into skin with a needle

Answer 1

Variolaton

Question 2

Use living but weakened microbs (MMR)

Answer 2

Attenuated vaccines

Question 3

Hep-B

Use antigenic fragments if produced through genetic engineering

Answer 3

Sub unit vaccines

Question 4

Sensitivity of a diagnostic test is determined by the percentage of positive samples it correctly detects and free specificity is determined by the percentage of false positives it gives

Answer 4

Diagnostic immunity

Question 5

Use antibodies linked to an enzyme

Antigen-antibody reactions are detected by enzyme activity. If indicator enzyme is present in test well, an antigen antibody reaction has occurred

Answer 5

ELISA

Question 6

Used to detect antigens against a specific antibody bound to a test well

Answer 6

Direct ELISA

Question 7

Used to detect antibodies against an antigen bound in a test well

Answer 7

Indirect ELISA

Question 8

Technique can identify microorganisms in a clinical sample and detect the presence of a specific antibody in serum

Answer 8

Fluorescent antibody techniques

Question 9

Used to identify specific microorganisms

Answer 9

Direct FA

Question 10

Are used to demonstrate the presence of antibodies in serum

Answer 10

Indirect FA

Question 11

Serological test based on the depletion of fixed ambling of complement In the presence of an antigen-antibody reaction
1. Complement fixation.
2. Indicator stage
Positive reaction no hemolysis

Answer 11

Complement Fixation.

Question 12

Eliminate the harmful Effect of a virus or exotoxin by a specific antibody

Answer 12

Neutralization

Question 13

Antibody produced in response to a bacterial exotoxin or a toxoid that neutralizes the exotoxin

Answer 13

Antitoxin

Question 14

Antibodies against a virus can be detected by antibodys ability to prevent cytopathic effects of viruses in cell culture

Answer 14

Virus neutralization test

Question 15

Reaction using RBC

used in blood typing the diagnosis of certain disease and identification of viruses

Answer 15

Hem agglutination

Question 16

Involves the clumping together of insoluble molecules

Involve particular antigens and antibodies

Answer 16

Agglutination

Question 17

On a cell

Answer 17

Direct agglutination

Question 18

Attached to latex spheres

Answer 18

Indirect agglutination

Question 19

Involve interaction of soluble antigens with IgG or IgM antibodies

Formation if precipitation reactions lattices

Answer 19

Precipitation reactions

Question 20

Studies serum and immune response that are evident in the serum

Direct test: detect antigens from patient sample

Indirect test: detect antibodies in patient serum

Answer 20

Serological test