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World History > Chapter 17 Quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Quiz Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Which 2 empires did Charles V take power of?

A

Spain and Hapsburg Empire

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2
Q

What does abdicated mean?

A

To give up the throne

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3
Q

What did Charles V do after he abdicated and why?

A

Entered a monastery; says that 2 empires were too scattered to rule effectively

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4
Q

Who did Charles give the 2 empires too?

A

His brother Ferdinand got Hapsburg Empire; His son Philip II got Spain and Spanish overseas holdings

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5
Q

What was the first thing Philip II did when he got into power?

A

Centralize his power

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6
Q

How did Philip II rule and what is the definition?

A

Absolute Monarch- Complete authority over government

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7
Q

What is divine right?

A

Authority to rule came directly from God

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8
Q

What was the Battle of Lepanto?

A

Spain and allies defeated an Ottoman fleet off coast of Greece

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9
Q

Why did Philip II fight with England’s Queen Elizabeth?

A

Saw her a his greatest Protestant enemy

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10
Q

Why did Philip prepare to invade England?

A

Queen Elizabeth I supported looting and plundering of Spanish Ships

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11
Q

Definition of armada

A

Fleet of ships

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12
Q

What happened when Spain attacked England?

A

Spain’s ships were to slow compared to faster lighter English ships, and many of Spain’s ships sunk

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13
Q

Why did Spain’s dominance of Europe begin to end at the defeat of Spain Vs England?

A
  1. Poor leadership-Philip II’s successors could not rule as ably as he did
  2. Economic Problems- Wars drained budgets, high middle class taxes
  3. Expulsion of Muslims and Jews- Forced many skilled artisans and craftsman’s out
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14
Q

What was 1550-1650 in Spain known as?

A

Siglo de Oro(golden Century) for Spanish art and literature

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15
Q

Who was Miguel de Cervantes?

A

Wrote Don Quixote- Europe’s 1st modern novel; made fun of medieval tales of chivalry

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16
Q

What religions torn France apart?

A

Catholics and Huguenots (French Protestants)

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17
Q

What did King Henry IV do to end conflicts of religion in France?

A

Edict of Nantes

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18
Q

What was the Edict of Nantes?

A

Granted Huguenots religious toleration and other freedoms

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19
Q

Who was Cardinal Richelieu?

A

Chief Minister; Strengthened central government and king’s power

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20
Q

Who appointed Cardinal Richelieu?

A

Louis XIII (13th)

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21
Q

What happened when Louis XIII (13th) took over?

A

He was 9; nobles took advantage of him to gain more power

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22
Q

How old was Louis XIV )(14th) when took throne?

A

4

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23
Q

What occurred in his lifetime to make him take complete control of government?

A

Saw riots when he was very young, and was forced to hide made him vow to take complete control of government

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24
Q

What did Louis XIV call himself?

Study These Flashcards
A

“The Sun King”

25
What are Estates General?
Representatives of French Social Class
26
How did Louis XIV run France?
Like a dictator
27
How did Louis XIB strengthen royal power?
1. Appointed Intendants 2. Strengthened ties to middle class 3. Built army into strongest in Europe
28
What are Intendants?
Loyal officials who collected taxes, recruited soldiers, and carried out policies
29
Who was Jean-Baptiste Colbert?
Appointed by Louis XIV; Finance Minister; IN charge of bolstering economy
30
What did Jean-Baptiste Colbert help Louis XIV do?
1. Cleared new lands for farming 2. Encouraged more mining and other industries 3. Grew overseas French colonies in N. America 4. Built France into wealthiest country in Europe
31
What did Louis XIV do to create Versailles?
Louis XIV wanted to remodel an old hunted lodge outside of Paris to be his new residence
32
Why did Louis XIV start to live in Versailles?
Symbol of wealth and power; Ended up being the most magnificent building in Europe and cost 1.5 billion dollars
33
What did officials/nobles who lived at Versailles have to do?
Levee (rising)
34
What was Levee (Rising)?
High ranking officials and nobles would compete to hold King's wash bucket or give him his diamond covered shoes in the morning
35
Why was Levee important?
Way for Louis to control nobles
36
What did people get in return for Levee?
Didn't make them pay taxes; Protected their prestige
37
How long did Louis rule?
72 years
38
What is balance of power?
Military and economic equality so no country dominated Europe?
39
What did Louis XIV do having to do with religion?
Persecuted Huguenots- revoked Edict of Nantes- 100,000s fled France, leaving huge hole in French economy
40
What happened when Louis died?
Outlived his sons and grandsons so Great grandson put into throne at 5 years old
41
How old was Peter when he took over?
10 years
42
What did Pete want to do for his country and how?
"modernize"; journeyed west and met with ordinary people
43
What is westernization?
Embrace of western culture, ideas and technology
44
What did Peter have to do modernize country?
1. Controlled Boyars (Russian Landowning Nobles)- forced them to serve their country in the military or in civilian jobs 2. Controlled Church- Brought Russian orthodox church under his control 3. (Re)Built Infrastructure 4. Social & Economic Reforms- Improved educations, encouraged more exporting of goods, increased mining and textile manufacturing
45
What did Peter to do build Russia's power?
Created Europe's largest standing army; increased trade, tried to wage war against Ottoman to get a port in the Black Sea but failed
46
What is a warm weather port?
Free of ice all year long
47
What was the Northern War?
Russia went to war to gain Sweden territory; army of 40,000 (r) lost of an arm of 8,000 (s); 9 years later Russia beat Sweden
48
Where was Russia's new capital city located?
St. Petersburg, located on the Baltic Sea
49
How did Peter complete his city?
Forced 10,000s of serfs/peasants to drain swamps and build from scratch; hired Italian architects to design great palaces; Peter designed parks, streets
50
Why was Peter's city similar to Versailles?
Became symbols of absolute power
51
What was positive about Peter's legacy?
Ended Russia's isolation from Europe; Expanded Russian Territory- gained ports on Baltic Sea
52
What was negative about Peter's legacy?
Used terror to enforce his authority; Not all his reforms were accepted, and once he died they were reversed
53
How did Catherine the Great get into power?
Tsar Peter III took control, he married Catherine and she assassinate him
54
What did Catherine the Great do as a ruler?
ruled as "Enlightened Ruler"; efficient and energetic; Embraced Western ideas- encouraged education for boys and girls, studied and admired French writers
55
What is similar between Philip II, Louis XIV, Pete the great?
Took over all of the government, all fought many wars and people; each had something significant in Europe(Spain started out as dominate in Europe, then France and Russia had biggest army)
56
What is similar between Philip II and Louis XIV?
Both thought God gave them the power of the throne; Defended Catholicism and hurt any other religion; Both once had most dominate country in Europe
57
What is similar between Philip II and Peter?
Fought Ottoman
58
What is similar between Louis and Peter?
Took throne at young age; Both had really big places to live that symbolized power; Forced many people to work for them

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