Chapter 4 Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
Integumentary system
A
skin and associated structures (glands, hair, nails)
2
Q
function of integumentary system
A
protects against
UV radiation
dehydration
injury
infection
temp regulation
touch pressure pain
3
Q
derma
A
skin
4
Q
cutaneous
A
skin (latin word cutis)
5
Q
epidermis
A
outermost layer of skin, made of epithelial cells
6
Q
keratin
A
a protein that thickens and toughens the skin
7
Q
melanin
A
gives skin color and protects against sun
8
Q
eponychium
A
nail
9
Q
sweat glands
A
watery fluid, temperature regulations
10
Q
sebaceous glands
A
oil- lubricates hair and skin and prevents drying (associated with hair follicle)
11
Q
dermis
A
skin between epidermis and subcutaneous
12
Q
hair follicle
A
sheath in which hair develops
13
Q
derm/o, dermat/o
A
skin
14
Q
kerat/o
A
keratin, horny layer of skin
15
Q
melan/o
A
dark, black, melanin
16
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat, perspiration
17
Q
seb/o
A
sebum, sebaceous gland
18
Q
trich/o
A
hair
19
Q
onych/o
A
nail
20
Q
sebum
A
fatty secretion of the sebaceous glands that lubricates the hair and skin
21
Q
skin
A
tissue that covers the body; the integument
22
Q
subcutaneous layer
A
beneath the skin
also hypodermis
23
Q
sudoriferous glands
A
sweat glands
24
Q
eccrine glands
A
found all over body, highest in palms and soles
cooling down
25
apocrine glands
armpits and perineal area, pheromones
26
bulla
raised, fluid filled lesion
BLISTER
larger than a vesicle
27
fissure
crack or break in skin
28
mascule
flat, colored spot
- less than 1 cm in size
29
nodule
solid, raised lesion
- larger than papule
- systemic disease
30
papule
firm, circular, raised lesion
- small (less than 1 cm)
- pimple
31
plaque
superficial, flat, slightly raised differentiated patch more than 1 cm in diameter
32
pustule
raised pus-filled lesion
many times in pore or hair follicle
33
ulcer
lesion from destruction of skin/subcu tissue
34
vesicle
fluid filled raised lesion less than 5mm
- blister/bleb
35
wheal
smooth, rounded, slightly raised
- itchy
- HIVES
36
dehiscence
disruption of wound layers
37
evisceration
internal organs go through lesion
38
exudate
cells drain from damaged tissue
- clear
- bloody
- pus-containing
39
cicatrization
sik-ah-trih-ZA-shun
scar
40
keloid
excess collagen formation during healing
- asian/african
41
debridement
removal of dead or damaged tissue
- cut
-scrubbing
42
escharotomy
scab removal of thick, dark crust
43
dermatome
skin grafting tool
thin sections of skin
44
superficial burn
only epidermis
- red and dry
- minimal pain
-blanching (whitening then turning back red with pressure)
45
superficial partial thickness
epidermis and superficial dermis
- red
- painful
-blister
46
deep partial thickness
epidermis and full dermis
- weeping surface
-dry (sweat gland damage)
- nerve damage
-blood
47
full thickness
all the way to subcu and deeper
- charred
-loss of limbs
- skin grafting
48
BSA
body surface area
49
rule of nines
for burn BSA (body surface area)
- body surfaces measured in percentages in multiples on nines
50
burn complications
infection
respiratory
shock
51
pressure ulcers
necrotic skin from pressure on bony projections
- decubitus ulcer
- bedsore
52
dermatitis
inflammation of skin
- erythema
- pruritis
53
atopic dermatitis
eczema
- chronic
- often shows up in childhood
-allergens, infections, temp extremes, skin irritants
54
psoriasis
hyperplasia of epidermis
-large red plaques
- silvery scales
(hereditary/autoimmune)
treat with:
UVB/UVA/laser
immune suppression
topical agents (corticosteroids)
55
pemphigus
AUTOIMMUNE
-formation of bullae (blisters)
-separation of epidermal and underlying tissue
56
lupus erythematosus
chronic inflammatory disease
- CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- systemic lupus erythematosus (skin AND organs)
erythematous papules - worse in sun
-face and scalp
BUTTERFLY RASH ON NOSE/CHEEKS
57
scleroderma
thickening/tightening of skin
collagen overproduction
raynaud's disease:
- fingers and toes constrict in the cold causing whiteness, pain, numbness
PSS (progressive systemic sclerosis)
- involves internal organs
58
basal cell carcinoma
most common (75% of cancers)
- exposed to sunlight
- smooth, pearly papule
- doesn't metastasize
59
squamous cell carcinoma
painless, firm, red nodule
- scales
- ulceration
- crusting
- likely to not metastasize
60
melanoma signs
Asymmetry
Borders irregular
Color difference
Diameter >6mm
Evolution (change)/elevation
61
kaposi sarcoma
kap-o-se
AIDS
distinct brown area on legs
raised and firm
metastasize with weak immune system
62
dehiscense
splitting/bursting of wound
63
erythema
redness of skin
64
escharotomy
removal of scab tissue from burns
65
eschar
scab/crust
66
evisceration
protrusion of internal organs (VISCERA) through opening onto skin
hernia through skin
67
pruritus
pru-RI-tus
severe itching
68
acne
sebaceous gland and hair follicles associated with excess sebum
69
actinic
ak-TIN-ic
effects of radiant energy (
70
albinism
lack of pigment in hair, skin ,eyes
71
alopecia
absence of hair
72
beau lines
white lines on fingernails
- systemic disease/injury
73
bromhidrosis
sweat that has a foul odor because of bacterial decomposition
74
carbuncle
localized infection of skin/SC tissue, pain and d/c of pus, caused by staphylococcus
75
comedo
plug of sebum, bacteria, in a hair follicle
blackhead (comedon)
76
dermatophytosis
fungal infection of skin, especially between toes (athlete's foot)
77
profuse sweating
diaphoresis
78
dyskeratosis
abnormality in keratin formationc
79
cancers of epithelial tissue
squamous cell/ basal cell
80
ecchymosis
collection of blood under skin by leaking of small blood vessels
81
erysipelas
er-ih-SIP-eh-las
acute infectious skin disease with localized redness/swelling/systemic symptoms
82
erythema nodosum
inflammation of SQ
tender erythematous nodules
immune response to systemic disease/infection/drug
83
exanthema
cutaneous eruption that accompanies disease
RASH
84
excoriation
lesion caused by scratching/abrasion
85
folliculitis
inflammation of a hair follicle
86
furuncle
painful skin nodule caused by staph that enter hair follicle
BOIL
87
hemangioma
benign tumor of blood vessels
- birth mark/port wine stains
88
herpes simplex
acute infections by herpes
vesicles (cold sore)
89
hirsutism
hir-SUT-izm
excessive growth of hair
90
ichthyosis
dry scaly inflammation of skin (from root of ichthy/o = fish)
91
impetigo
im-peh-TI-go
bacterial pustules that rupture and form crusts
92
keratosis
skin condition marked by thickened/horny growth
93
lichenification
thickened marks caused by chronic rubbing
94
mycosis fungoides
rare malignancy that starts in skin and invades internal organs
large painful ulcerating tumors
95
nevus
defined discoloration of skin
tumor, mole, birthmark
96
paronychia
infection around a nail
97
pediculosis
infestation of lice
98
petechiae
pe-TE-ke-e
flat, pinpoint, purplish red spots caused by bleeding within skin/mucous membrane
99
photosensitization
sensitization of skin to light (substance induced)
100
purpura
hemorrhages into skin
101
rosacea
redness of skin, pustules, overactivity of sebaceous glands on face
102
scabies
skin infection by mite
103
senile lentigines
brown macules appear on sun-exposed skin in adults (liver spots)
104
shingles
acute eruption of vesicles along path of nerve
105
tinea
fungal skin infection
RINGWORM
106
tinea versicolor
superficial chronic fungal infection that causes varied skin pigmentation
107
urticaria
wheals - hives
108
venous stasis ulcer
ulcer caused from venous insufficiency and stasis of blood
109
verruca
small benign epithelial tumor caused by HPV
- WART
110
vitiligo
patchy disappearance of pigment in skin
111
xeroderma pigmentosim
fatal hereditary disease
-begins in childhood: discolorations of skin
-ulcers
-atrophy of muscle
-photosensitivity
-more susceptible to cancer
112
aloe
gel from leaves of plant to treat burns and skin irritations
113
antipruritic
agent that prevents itching
114
cautery
destruction of tissue
115
dermabrasion
plastic surgery to remove scars or birthmarks by chemical/physical breakdown of epidermis
116
dermatoplasty
skin grafting
117
diascopy
examination of skin lesions by pressing glass plate against skin
118
fulguration
destruction of tissue with high frequency sparks
119
skin turgor
resistance of skin to deformation- skin returns to original form when pinched
- elasticity
- hydration
120
wood lamp
UV light used to diagnose fungal infections
121
DLE
discoid lupus erythematosus
122
FTSG
full thickness skin graft
123
LE
lupus erythematosus
124
PSS
progressive systemic sclerosis
125
PUVA
psoralen ultraviolet A
126
SCLE
subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
127
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
128
SPF
sun protection factor
129
STSG
split-thickness skin graft
130
VAC
vacuum-assisted closure
