Chapter 5 System 2 Skeletal System Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 5 System 2 Skeletal System Deck (25)
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1
Q

epiphysis

A

is an enlarged area on the ends of long bones that articulate with other bones

2
Q

articular cartilage

A

is a layer of hyaline cartilage covering the end surface of the epiphysis

3
Q

diaphysis

A

is the bone shaft between the epiphyses

4
Q

periosteum

A

is a fibrous membrane that functions to protect the bone and serves as an attachment of tendons and ligamnets

5
Q

the skeletal system is composed of? (3)

A

bones
cartilage
ligaments

6
Q

the 5 main functions of the skeletal system are?

A
framework
protect internal organs and tissue
attachment points
manufacture blood cells
store minerals; calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium, sodium
7
Q

what is the composition of bone?

A

1/3 animal matter; bone cells, blood vessels, connective tissues, marrow

2/3 mineral or earthly matter

8
Q

what are the 5 types of bone in the body?

A
flat - skull, pelvis, and ribs
long - legs, arms, fingers, toes
short - carpals and tarsals
irregular - vertebrae
sesamoid - patella
9
Q

compact bone tissue

A

forms the hard bone found in the shafts of long bones and along the outside of flat bones

10
Q

cancellous bone

A

located inside long bones and flat bones, consists of irregularly shaped spaces defined by thin. bony plates

11
Q

medullary cavity

A

is a hollow chamber formed in the shaft of long bones that is filled with yellow bone marrow

12
Q

marrow

A

is the connective tissue filling in the cavities of bones that forms red and white blood cells

13
Q

for proper bone growth and hardening of bony structures, the diet should consist of an adequate amount of what?

A

calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D

14
Q

axial skeleton

A

is made up of bones of the skull, thorax, vertebral column, and the hyoid bone

15
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

is made up of bones of the shoulder, upper extremities, hips, and lower extremities

16
Q

how many bones does the human adult have?

A

206

17
Q

SADISM

A

Synarthrotic - immovable
Amphiarthrotic - slightly movable
Diarthrotic - movable

18
Q

synovial membrane

A

a connective tissue membrane lining cavities and capsules in and around joints that produce synovial fluid

19
Q

fibrous joint

A

have no space and are held together by fibrous connective tissue

20
Q

cartilaginous joints

A

are joints held together with cartilage with no joint cavity

21
Q

synovial joints

A

are freely movable joints with a joint cavity surrounded by an articular capsule

22
Q

ligaments

A

are bands of fibrous tissue that connect bones to bones

23
Q

bursae

A

fibrous sacks lined with synovial membrane and lubricated with synovial fluid, functioning as a cushion in areas of pressure

24
Q

what are the 5 types of joints?

A
pivot joints - neck and atlast, radius and ulna
glidding joint - spine, tarsals, carpals
ball and socket joint - hip and shoulder
hinge joint - elbow, knee
saddle joint - thumb
25
Q

sprain

A

is an injury to a joint resulting in stretching or tearing of the ligament