Flashcards in Chemical Oceanography Deck (85)
Loading flashcards...
1
P:N:C:O2
1:16:106:153
2
Nitrate
NO3 ^-
3
Phosphate
PO4 ^ 3-
4
ocean circulation
~1000yrs
5
least reactive major ion
Cl-
6
main barrier to ocean mixing
density difference (hence 2 box model)
7
Ammonia
NH4+
8
Average mix layer
~70m
9
Anoxic waters have
higher burial (recall fish farming)
10
Largest inputs and outputs
mixing and particle flux >> river input, burial
11
(–) AOU
supersaturation
12
Nitrite
NO2-
13
In a CaCO3 dominant system
surface has decreased Alk,
decreased [CO3 2-]
pH lower
fCO2 higher
atm CO2 higher
14
NH4 comes from
respiration product
15
what happens to NH4 in surface
converted to NO2, NO3 (only in aerobic/oxic zone)
16
local surface max in NH4
lag in the conversion from
respiration –– NH4+ –– NO2- –– NO3-
17
Nitrification
NH4 + O2 –– NO2- –– NO3-
18
Nitrogen Fixation
N2 ––– NH4+
N2 gas from the atmosphere
requires high Fe
19
expected NH4+ profile
low [ ] in surface water - possible small max from respiration
major increase is after o-a boundary
20
expected NO3- profile
[low/0] right at surface (productivity)
increases throughout surface layer, fairly high max ~1000m (respiration)
anoxic - decreases back to 0 toward o-a boundary
open ocean - remains ~ stable with depth
21
Expected NO2- profile
similar to NO3- but much smaller peak
small peak in oxygen layer from nitrification processes
22
high N2
denitrification
23
Conservative ions
only affected by evaporation and precipitation
no big fluctuations with depth
[ion] : seawater S remains ~constant
Mg, Na, Ca, Cl-
24
Gases
affected by T, S, P, f, reactivity
increase with depth (lower T), except O2
25
Bioactive elements
affected by primary production, respiration, remineralization
P, N, Fe, O2
26
Trace metals
Very low concentrations
Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd
27
Oxygen profile without biology
controlled by T like other gases
increase with depth
28
Oxygen along thermohaline
depleted
successive losses from respiration
29
AOU
[O2]equil – [O2]meas
Apparent Oxygen Utilization
amount respired
oxygen deficit due to respiration
~ opposite to oxygen curve
30
