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SOC1110 > Chp 1 - Sociological Imagination > Flashcards

Chp 1 - Sociological Imagination Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

who created sociological imagination

A

C Wright Mills

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2
Q

according to Mills, sociology provides ____ to see what happens when _____ by events, policies, and interactions that make up ____

A

perspective; influenced; social structure

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3
Q

define LIFE CHANCES

A

odds that some opportunity/obstacle will present itself to you

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4
Q

define SOCIAL INTERACTION

A

behavior between at least 2 ppl that is given meaning during which participants react and change

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5
Q

define SOCIAL STRUCTURE

A

organized pattern of social relationships and social institutions that constitute society

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6
Q

social structure refers/implies that

A

social forces are not always visible

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7
Q

social structure acknowledges that

A

choices are largely conditioned by societal location

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8
Q

define SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

A

established and organized systems of social behavior w/particular and recognized purpose

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9
Q

give examples of social insitutions

A
  • family
  • religion
  • marriage
  • government
  • economy
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10
Q

social institutions transcend ___ but still influence ____

A

individual experience; individual behavior

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11
Q

what does it mean when social institutions transcend individual experiences

A

affect large groups as a whole

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12
Q

define SOCIAL CHANGE

A

alteration of society over time

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13
Q

how is society generally viewed in terms of social change

A

viewed as stable but constantly changing

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14
Q

define SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION

A

ability to see societal patterns and social forces that influence individuals and groups

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15
Q

what are two components of sociological imagination according to Mills

A

biography and history

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16
Q

Who is C Wright Mills

A
  • creator of sociological imagination
  • troubles vs issues
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17
Q

define TROUBLES

A

privately felt problems/threatened private values

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18
Q

what is the cause of troubles

A

personal events/feelings usually with origin from societal arrangements

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19
Q

define IMMEDIATE MILIEU

A

immediate social circle

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20
Q

define ISSUES

A

threatened public values affecting masses w/origin in institutional arrangements and history of a society

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21
Q

can issues be directly defined?

A

usually no

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22
Q

how are issues and troubles connect?

A

issues shape the context which troubles can arise

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23
Q

give an example of a trouble vs issue

A

trouble = getting laid off
issue = 15 million out of 50 million unemployed

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24
Q

define BOOMERANG GENERATION

A

pattern where ppl return home after college

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25
aka boomerang generation
accordion family
26
sociology is a ___ discipline
empirical
27
define EMPIRICAL
relying on careful observation and not conjecture/opinion
28
define DEBUNKING
looking behind facades of everyday life and looking at origins of behavior
29
debunking requires
critical distance
30
define CRITICAL DISTANCE
detachment from situation to view with critical mind
31
what is the significance to Georg Simmel
suggested sociological perspective need nearness and critical distance
32
(According to Simmel) who are strangers in a social group
ppl within group but does not share same pov
33
define DIVERSITY
variety of group experiences that result from social structure of society shaping most social and cultural institutions
34
define GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
seeing how events in one society may be linked to events on other side of world
35
define THE ENLIGHTENMENT
18th-19th century Europe of faith in ability of human reason to solve society's problem
36
aka the enlightenment
the age of reason
37
what is the significance of the enlightenment
birth of modern science
38
define POSITIVISM
system of thought that regards scientific observation to be highest form of knowledgw
39
what is the significance of Auguste Comte
- came up with term sociology - positivism
40
what is the significance of Harriet Martineau
- wrote first sociological methods book - studied emerging American customs and cultures
41
define DUAL/DOUBLE CONSCIOUSNESS
view of always seeing oneself through eyes of others while developing strong sense of collective identity within oppressed group
42
who is the key founder of sociology
Robert Park
43
what is the significance behind WEB Dubois
- social structure of black communities - cofounder of NAACP - dual consciousness
44
what is the SANDWICH GENERATION
living with a generation older and younger than you
45
define COLOR LINE
racial segregation
46
define MACROSOCIOLOGY
theories to understand society as a whole
47
list 3 famous macrosociologists
- Emile Durkheim - Karl Marx - Max Weber
48
what is the significance of Emile Durkheim
- social solidarity - social facts - society sui generis
49
according to Durkheim, ____ create ___
rituals; social solidarity
50
define SOCIETY SUI GENERIS
study society as a whole rather than individual experiences
51
this is the basis of functionalism
society sui generis
52
define SOCIAL FACTS
social patterns external to individuals
53
what are examples of social facts
customs and social values
54
t/f: social facts are the same as psychological drives & motivations
false
55
define ANOMIE
breakdown of social norms
56
what is the significance of Karl Marx
Capitalism and class conflict
57
what is the significance of Max Weber
multidimensional analysis, Verstehen, and social action
58
define MULTIDIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
analyze politically, economically, and culturally
59
define VERSTEHEN
understanding social behavior from pov of those who engage in it
60
define SOCIAL ACTION
behavior to which ppl give meaning
61
give an example of a social action
- kneeling during the national anthem - pro military bumper sticker
62
define MICROSOCIOLOGY
centering on face-to-face interaction
63
define CHICAGO SCHOOL
group of ppl from Univ. of Chicago that studied behavior to better address needs in Chicago
64
define FUNCTIONALISM
interprets each part of society in terms of how it contributes to stability of whole
65
what are aspects of functionalism
- fixed social roles - inequality inevitable and functional creating bonding and incentive to work - social order from consensus - social change comes from maintaining stability
66
what is the significance of Robert Merton
manifest and latent functions
67
define MANIFEST FUNCTIONS
stated and intended goals of social behavior
68
define LATENT FUNCTIONS
unintended goals of social behavior
69
what are critics of functionalism
- understate roles of power and conflict - bad reason for inequality - too accepting of status quo
70
define CONFLICT THEORY
role of coercion and power and ability of some to control others
71
what are the aspects of conflict theory
- ppl subordinated to society - inequality from competition of resources - social order from powerful - social change from mobilization of the oppressed
72
what are the critics of conflict theory
- neglect importance of shared values - overemphasize inequality
73
define SYMBOLIC INTERACTION
address subjective meanings and interpretations ppl impose on objects/events/behaviors
74
compared to the other sociological paradigms, ____ is the only microsociological model
symbolic interaction
75
the most important part of symbolic interaction is that it is
subjective
76
what are the aspects of symbolic interaction
- ppl and society are interdependent - inequality shown thru importance of symbols - social order thru interaction and adherence to norms - social change from evolving relationships and creation of new meaning/symbols
77
define SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS
meanings attached to concrete symbols/nonverbal behaviors
78
what are the critics for symbolic interactions
- little analysis of inequality - overstates subjective basis of society
79
define FEMINIST THEORY
gender is the primary lens to understand inequality
80
what are the aspects of feminist theory
- ppl bound by system of gender relationships which shape identity and belief - inequality from matrix of domination linking gender, race, class, and sexuality - patriarchal social order - social change from mobilization of women and allies
81
what are the critics of the feminist theory
generally anchored in experiences of white middle class
82
define SOCIOLOGY
scientific study of social behavior and human groups
83
define ECOLOGICAL FALLACY
what is true of one person in group is not necessarily true of every person in that group (however the pattern for that group still holds)
84
give an example of ecological fallacy
US presidents tend to be white men from upper class
85
who is the father of sociology and funcitonalism
emile durkheim
86
Karl Marx divided society into these 3 groups
Bourgeoisie, Proletariat, Lumpenproletariat
87
who is the top and bottom of Karl Marx's groups
top: Bourgeoisie bottom: Lumpenproletariat
88
define THOMAS THEOREM
what is perceived as real will be real in its consequences
89
give an example of thomas theorem
if i think I will be hit i will defend by hitting first
90
how do symbolic interactionalists view reality
reality is definitions
91
how does change occur according to symbolists
change in definitions > change in behavior > change in society
92
which theory believes that small groups can make change happen
symbolic interaction
93

SOC1110 (12 decks)

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