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SOC1110 > Chp 11 - Gender > Flashcards

Chp 11 - Gender Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

define SEX

A

biological identity

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2
Q

define GENDER

A

socially learned expectations, identities, and behaviors associated w/members of each sex from system of practices creating categories defined unequally in relationship to each other

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3
Q

define GENDER ROLES

A

expectations regarding proper behavior/attitudes/activities based on sex seen in work/behavior/reaction to others

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4
Q

who is typically more restricted in traditional gender roles

A

women

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5
Q

define INTERSEXED

A

ppl born w/combo of characteristics usually assumed to be either male/female

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6
Q

what were intersexed ppl used to be called

A

hermaphrodites

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7
Q

define BIOLOGICAL DETERMINISM

A

explanations that attribute complex social phenomena to physical characteristics

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8
Q

give an example of biological determinism

A

men are more aggressive bc of more testosterone

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9
Q

describe GENDER SOCIALIZATION

A

process of learning expectations and identities associated w/gender in society affecting self concept/social and political attitudes/perceptions about others/feelings about relationships and reinforced by reward and punishment

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10
Q

what are the sources of gender socialization

A

parents, peers, children’s play, schools and teachers, religion, media

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11
Q

describe GENDER IDENTITY

A

one’s definition of oneself s woman/man/trans basic to self concept/expectations/abilities/interests/and interactions and influences likelihood of behaviors

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12
Q

define TRANSGENDER

A

ppl w/different gender than that assigned at birth

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13
Q

describe HOMOPHOBIA

A

learned fear and hatred of gays/lesbians/queer that encourages stricter conformity to traditional expectations and is deeply embedded in ppl’s definitions of themselves as men and women

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14
Q

define GENDERED INSTITUTIONS

A

total pattern of gender relations structuring institutions including stereotypical expectations, relationships and different placement of men and women in institutions

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15
Q

define GENDER STRATIFICATION

A

hierarchical distribution of social and economic resources according to gender

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16
Q

define GENDER APARTHEID

A

extreme segregation and exclusion of women from public life

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17
Q

define LABOR FORCE PARTCIPATION RATE

A

% of those in given category employed either full/part-time

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18
Q

define EQUAL PAY ACT OF 1963

A

first federal law requiring equal pay for equal work

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19
Q

define LILY LEDBETTER FAIR PAY ACT OF 2009

A

extend protections of Civil Rights Act of 1964 by giving workers time to file discrimination claims

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20
Q

define HUMAN CAPITAL THEORY

A

gender differences in wages are bc of individual characteristics that workers bring to job based on assumption that the economy is fair and competititve

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21
Q

define DUAL LABOR MARKET THEORY

A

gender wage difference bc men and women work in different segments of labor markets (primary, secondary, and informal)

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22
Q

list components of PRIMARY MARKET

A
  • stable jobs
  • good wages
  • career advancements
  • fringe benefits and due process
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23
Q

who is typically in the primary market?

A
  • high status professional and managerial jobs
  • working class and skilled blue collar
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24
Q

list components of the SECONDARY MARKET

Study These Flashcards
A
  • high turnover
  • low wages and little promotion
  • few benefits and poor working conditions
  • arbitrary rules and capricious supervision
25
define INFORMAL SECTOR
private/under the table services
26
list the components of the informal sector
- no benefits and oversight - greater wage inequality
27
define GENDER SEGREGATION
different groups of workers separated into occupations bc of gender creating wage inequality
28
define GLASS CEILING
women cannot break into highest levels of profession
29
define GLASS ESCALATOR
men in traditionally female dominated occupations advance faster
30
why did the Tsunami of 2005 and a gendered society contribute to the death of 75% of the population's women
- public vs private spheres - access to info - children - clothing - no swimming/tree climbing skills
31
what do functionalists believe about gender
- socialization leads to gender roles and identity - gender differentiation leads to stability - dysfunction creates social change
32
what do conflict theorists believe about gender
- gender inequality happens bc of female-male power relationships - men have economic advantage in labor and power - women are source of cheap labor - change in economy and power structure creates social change
33
what do symbolic interactionists believe about gender
- social interaction and doing gender creates gender identity - men and women disrupting existing gender displays create social change
34
define DOING GENDER
performing stereotypical gender roles reinforcing interpretation of gender
35
describe QUEER THEORY
challenges idea that sex and gender are binary opposites bc trans ppl disrupt categories; society forces ppl into presumed gender and sexual identities and behaviors
36
define FEMINISM
beliefs and actions for more just society for women
37
describe LIBERAL FEMINISM
- tinker the system for individual rights and equal opportunities - inequality is from discrimination - mostly middle class white women
38
describe RADICAL FEMINIST
patriarchy needs to be eradicated to get rid of capitalism/oppression
39
what did socialists believe about ender
capitalism --> patriarchy
40
describe TRANSNATIONAL/MULTIRACIAL/GLOBAL/INTERSECTIONAL THEORY
gender is not uniform experience but depend on gender, race, and class which shape experiences of men and women
41
define BEAUTY MYTH
social power/value of women based on beauty
42
define EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT
unapproved amendment stating the equality of rights will not be denied by any US state on basis of sex
43
what are the reasons for elderly women to be more likely to be poor
- lower wage - lower retirement income - lack of financial planning - inadequate housing - vulnerability of divorced women - public benefits - caregiving responsibilities
44
what are education gender differences
- title ix - pipeline - boys vs girls in trouble
45
define TITLE IX
forbids gender discrimination and requires procedures to manage sexual violence/discrimination
46
why do women have poor outcome of cardiac events
go longer undiagnosed
47
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A VIOLATINO OF TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES BY A FEMALE? a. spitting in public b. talking knowledgeably about cars c. applying to babysit d. chewing tobacco
c. applying to babysit
48
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PLAY AN IMPORTANT PAT IN GENDER-ROLE SOCIALIZATION IN US? a. peers b. religious institutions c. educational institutions d. all of the baove
d. all of the above
49
A SMALL BODY OF SCHOLARSHIP SUGGESTS THAT TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES MAY BE DISADVANTAGEOUS TO MEN IN THAT a. men's relationships suffer due to traditional gender roles b. they are often robbed of intimate roles c. men are at risk of early death d. all of the above
d. all of the above
50
FUNCTIONALISTS WOULD VIEW GENDER ROLES IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAYS a. gender roles assist in keeping women oppressed within the family structure b. gender roles have a bias toward male power c. gender roles are necessary to keep the family balance d. all of the above
c. gender roles are necessary to keep to family balance
51
USING AN ANALOGY TO MARX'S ANALYSIS OF CLASS CONFLICT, CONFLICT THEORISTS WOULD ARGUE THAT WOMEN ARE IN A POSITION COMPARABLE TO THAT OF THE a. bourgeoisie b. proletariat c. middle class d. upper class
b. proletariat
52
SOME RADICAL FEMINIST THEORISTS VIEWS THE OPPRESSION OF WOMEN IN MALE-DOMINATED SOCIETES AS a. retribution b. inevitable c. hyperreactive d. merely a falsity
b. inevitable
53
EFFECTS OF GENDER SEGREGATION INCLUDE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING a. women get promotions over men b. women get higher pay than men c. women receive less pay than men d. all of the above
c. women receive less pay than men
54
OVER 1/2 OF COLLEGE-AGED WOMEN FEEL PRESSURE TO LOSE WEIGHT, HOW MANY OF THEM ARE NORMAL WEIGHT? a. nearly 1/4 b. nearly 1/2 c. nearly 1/3 d. 10%
b. nearly 1/2
55
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES HAS A BETTER (SMALLER) WAGE GAP BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN THAN THE US? a. chile b. japan c. south korea d. mexico
d. mexico
56
THE LILY LEDBETTER FAIR PAY ACT WAS SIGNED IN a. 1964 b. 1950 c. 2000 d. 2009
d. 2009
57
CATHERINE CONNELL CONCLUDES THTA TRANSGENDER WORKERS ARE MOST LKELY TO BELIEVE THEY ARE ___ GENDER a. doing b. undoing c. redoing d. doing, undoing, and redoing
d. doing, undoing, and redoing
58
CATHERIN CONNEL EMPHASIZES THAT TRANSPEAOPLE ARE THE ONLY SOCIAL ACTORS WHO ENGAGE IN THE UNODING AND REDOING OF GENDER a. true b. false
b. false

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