Chromosomes and Mitosis Flashcards
Cell Biology (13 cards)
What do chromosomes contain?
Genetic material in the form of DNA molecules, chromosomes carry genes that control various characteristics, such as hair color.
How many copies of each chromosome do body cells normally have?
Two copies - one copy is inherited from the ‘mother’ and one from the ‘father’.
What is the stage of the cell cycle when the cell divides?
Mitosis
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?
To grow or replace damaged cells
What is the result of the cell cycle?
Two new cells identical to the original cell
What happens to DNA in a cell that is not dividing?
It is spread out in long strings
Before a cell divides, what does it need to increase?
The amount of subcellular structures such as mitochondria and ribosomes
What forms when DNA is duplicated before cell division?
X-shaped chromosomes
What happens to the chromosomes during mitosis?
They line up at the center of the cell and are pulled apart
What forms around each set of chromosomes after they are pulled apart?
Membranes that become the nuclei of the two new cells
What divides last during the process of mitosis?
The cytoplasm and cell membrane
Fill in the blank: The two new daughter cells produced by mitosis contain exactly the _______ DNA as the parent cell.
same
True or False: Each arm of an X-shaped chromosome is an exact duplicate of the other.
True
