Classification Flashcards
Inheritance, Variation, and Evolution (17 cards)
What is the primary purpose of classification in biology?
Organising living organisms into groups.
Who proposed the traditional classification system in the 1700s?
Carl Linnaeus.
What is the highest taxonomic rank in the traditional classification system?
Kingdom.
What are the levels of classification in the Linnaean system, in order from highest to lowest?
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species.
What significant change in classification was proposed by Carl Woese in 1990?
The three-domain system.
What are the three domains in the three-domain system?
- Archaea
- Bacteria
- Eukaryota.
What type of organisms does the domain Archaea include?
Organisms that were once thought to be primitive bacteria but are a different type of prokaryotic cell.
What are examples of organisms found in the Bacteria domain?
- E. coli
- Staphylococcus.
Which domain includes fungi, plants, animals, and protists?
Eukaryota.
What is the binomial system in biological classification?
Every organism is given a two-part Latin name.
What does the first part of the binomial name represent?
The genus of the organism.
What does the second part of the binomial name represent?
The species of the organism.
True or False: The binomial system is used worldwide to avoid confusion in naming species.
True.
What do evolutionary trees illustrate?
How different species are related to each other.
What does a more recent common ancestor between two species indicate?
The two species are more closely related and likely share more characteristics.
What types of data do scientists analyze to determine evolutionary relationships?
- Current classification data (e.g., DNA analysis and structural similarities)
- Fossil record for extinct species.
Fill in the blank: In the binomial naming system, humans are known as _______.
Homo sapiens.
