Circulatory System - Blood Flashcards
Organisation (18 cards)
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
To carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells in the body
What shape do red blood cells have, and why is this shape beneficial?
Biconcave disc shape; it provides a large surface area for absorbing oxygen
Why do red blood cells not have a nucleus?
It allows more room to carry oxygen
What pigment do red blood cells contain, and what is its significance?
Hemoglobin; it binds to oxygen in the lungs
What happens to hemoglobin in body tissues?
Oxyhemoglobin splits into hemoglobin and oxygen
How does living at high altitudes affect red blood cells?
More red blood cells are produced to compensate for lower oxygen levels
What is the role of white blood cells?
To defend against infection
What process do some white blood cells use to eliminate microorganisms?
Phagocytosis
What do other white blood cells produce to combat microorganisms?
Antibodies and antitoxins
Do white blood cells have a nucleus?
Yes, unlike red blood cells
What are platelets, and what is their primary function?
Small fragments of cells; they help blood clot at a wound
Do platelets have a nucleus?
No
What can a lack of platelets cause?
Excessive bleeding and bruising
What is plasma?
A pale straw-colored liquid that carries various components in blood
List the components carried by plasma
- Red and white blood cells
- Platelets
- Nutrients (e.g., glucose, amino acids)
- Carbon dioxide
- Urea
- Hormones
- Proteins
- Antibodies and antitoxins
What are the soluble products of digestion absorbed from the gut?
Nutrients like glucose and amino acids
Where does carbon dioxide travel from and to in the blood?
From the organs to the lungs
Where does urea travel from and to in the blood?
From the liver to the kidneys
