Cole and Scribner

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

to see if cultrue had a different effect on how one memorizes, on memeory strtegies

Question 2

Procedure

Answer 2

• studied the development of memory among tribal people in rural Liberia comapred to children in the US
• both Liberian children in schooll and those that were not attending school
• to overcome the barriers of language and culture, these researchers observed everyday cognitive activities before conducting their experiments and worked clodely with the university educated local people who acted as experimenters
• given a free-recall task in which thy were shown a list of 20 objects
• one at a time and then asked to rmbr them in any order
• objects fall into four distinct categories

Question 3

results

Answer 3

• the children who not attending school showed no regular increase in memeory performanceafter the age of 9 or 10
• rmbred approx. ten items on the first trial and managed to recall only two more items after 15 practice trials
• Liberian school children learnned the material rapidly
• both cultures used chunking to recall the list
• they used categorical similiaries of item in the list to aid their recall
• non-schooled liberian participants did very littloe clustering, indictaiing that they are not using teh categorical structure of the list ot help thmem rmbr

Question 4

Conclusion

Answer 4

• memory strategies are influenced by culture
• demomstared how cognitie skills are dependied on ones cultural environment such as schooling