Complementary Feeding Flashcards
(42 cards)
Complementary feeding
u The transition covers ______ to ______
u A critical period of growth and transition
u Highest rate of growth occurs in the ______ year
u Affects growth and development
u Importance of variety of healthful foods at the proper time
u Delay beyond this age may lead to malnutrition
6 to 24 months
first year
Complementary feeding
Infants are _______ally and ________ally ready for new foods
Begin with ______ amount of new ______ foods
Set infant’s _________ for sweet and salty taste
_______ place for feeding to avoid distractions
physiologically ; developmentally
small ; solid
threshold ; Quiet
Appropriate complementary feeding - PASTA
properly fed: Frequency
Appropriate texture
Safety
Timeliness
Adequacy: balanced
Timing of Complementary Feeding
__________ : not before nor after
breastfeeding should continue for ____________
uFollow the _________ to feed and stop
uGive only ______ new, single ingredient food at a time
Wait ________ before introducing another
6 months
18- 24 months
child’s cue ; one
3-4 days
Adequacy
Supply adequate ________ , ________ and ________ to meet the needs
Parallel at least that of ________ in ________
Staple foods fortified with ________ foods. E.g. meat, milk
energy ; proteins
micronutrients ; breast milk
quality ; highly proteinous
_______ is vital for neuro-cognitive development
Iron
Adequacy
Energy and nutrients needed for growth and development (Protein ____g/day)
Given in sufficient quantity
Quantity of the ___________ should be Increased gradually.
20g/day
Semi-solids
Daily protein requirement for adults?
0.8g/kg
Adequate complementary feeding
Adequate protein (____ -____g/kg/day)
____g/day between 6 months & 3 years.
Supplementary proteins should be identical to that of _________.
1.2 -1.5g/kg/day)
20g/day
breast milk.
800ml of breast milk provides just ____g of protein a day.
_____g of protein to be supplied by complementary feeds
8
12
Some animal proteins have an amino acid composition very close to that of breast milk. E.g. ________ milk, _____ and _________.
Necessary for proper brain and blood formation
_______-rich foods included. E.g. meat, fish, beans & fortified ________
animal milk, meat and eggs.
Iron
cereals
Safety
Foods are __________ stored and prepared
fed with _____ hands using _______ utensils
no _________ or _______
hygienically
clean ; clean
bottles ; teats
Properly fed (__________)
Foods are given consistent with ____________ of appetite and satiety
Frequency
a child’s signals
Frequency of complementary feeding
u The feeds are in addition to breastfeeding
u________ remains the most important food
Increase the frequency gradually
WHO recommends _____ times/day at 6-8 months
u ______ times daily between 9-11 months &
u 12—24 months, Additional nutritious snacks offered _____ times/day
u Listen to baby’s cues and respond to his needs
Breast-milk
2-3 ; 3-4 times
1-2
Texture of complementary feeds
________ and nutrient dense e.g. mashed rice & fish
________ to ________ to normal textures over the period
Texture should be suitable to stage of development, ________ and ________ to be used not ________
Semi-solid ; Pureed
lumpy
Plate and spoon
bottless
Special complementary foods/milks for toddlers are not required for healthy children.
T/F
T
Whole grains products preferable as processed foods
_____-fortified type of cereal products
Iron
Inadequate complementary feeds
_______ and similar hard foods
_______ milk , _______ cow’s milk,
_______-fat and _______-fat milks, Nutritionally incomplete milks
Honey, juice, carbonated soft drinks, tea, herbal teas etc.
Use _______ milk-based infant formulas (fortified with _______)
Whole nuts ;Unpasteurised
unmodified ; Low-fat
reduced-fat
cow’s ; iron
Special formulas may be used under medical supervision for infants who cannot take _______-based products
Cooled boiled tap water as additional fluids
Education on correctly preparing infant formula
Breast-milk substitutes tailored to need
cow’s milk
Factors associated with successful complementary feeding
u _________
u _________
u _________ of caregivers
u _________ of caregivers/mother
_________: _________ available food can be given
_________
Availability ; Knowledge
Feeding practices ; Attitude
Accessibility ; Locally available
Acceptability
Consequences of inadequate complementary feeds
Micronutrients deficiencies: ________ , ________, ________, ________ and ________ are common (IIAZ)
Good quality nutrition is necessary for proper ________ formation
Vitamins, minerals and antioxidants necessary for adequate _______ & ______
Iron, Iodine, Vit A, Zinc and folate
blood ; RBC ; WBC
Consequences of inadequate complementary feeds
Vitamin B6, 12, B9 (Folate) and iron
Amount of ________ in breastmilk is no longer sufficient for infants
The _____ gap is the widest in the nutrition gap
Negative effect on Red blood cell formation
iron ; iron
Consequences of inadequate complementary feeds contd…
uDecrease in white blood cell production leading to Low _______— diarrhoea, RTI , as well as Increased susceptibility to Infections
Immunity
50−70% of the burden of diarrhoeal diseases, measles, malaria and lower respiratory tract infections can be attributable to __________.
malnutrition
