Congenital Abnormalities Flashcards
(22 cards)
true or false:
in the fetus, the blood is shunted past the lungs via the foramen ovales
true
what are the 4 abnormalities caused by the failure of the closure of fetal cardiovascular shunts
patent ductus arteriosus
atrial septal defect
ventricular septal defect
tetralogy of fallot
in what species is a patent ductus arteriosus common
dogs
what are abnormalities from failure of normal valvular developement
pulmonic stenosis
subaortic stenosis
valvular hematomas
what is the outcome of pulmonic stenosis in dogs
compensatory RV hypertrophy
what is the outcome of subaortic stenosis in pigs and dogs
compensatory LV hypertrophy
in what species are valvular hematomas common/normal
young ruminants
what are the main anomalies from malpositioning of great vessels
persistent right aortic arch
transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery
what are common clinical signs of persistent right aortic arch
regurgitation
megaoesophagus
dysphagia
what is the sequelae of congential defects
neonatal death
gradual cardiac decompensation
no clinical disease
in what species is PDA most common
dogs
calves
what causes PDA in calves
delayed morphologic closure
where does a ventricular septal defect normally occur
subaortic
what is the failure to close the foramen ovale
atrial septal defect
in what breeds are ASDs more common
boxer
doberman
what is all a part of a tetralogy of fallot
ventricular septal defect
pulmonic stenosis
dextroposed aorta
2 RV hypertrophy
what is the outcome of pulmonic stenosis
2 compensary RV hypertrophy
what is the outcome of subaortic stenosis
2 compensatory LV hypertrophy
in what breeds is a persistent right aortic arch more common
german shepherd
irish setter
great dane
describe a persistent right aortic arch
ligamentum arteriosum forms vascular ring over esophagus
true or false:
valvular hematomas in young calves undergo spontaneous regression and have no functional significance
true
