Derived Lipids

Question 1

Derived lipids include:

Answer 1

steroids
eicosanoids
carotenoids
ketone bodies
fatty acids
lipid soluble vitamins

Question 2

Eicosanoids

Answer 2

a group of hormone like compounds derived from arachidonic acid

Question 3

Eicosanoids are made up of

Answer 3

prostanoids

leukotrienes

Question 4

Prostanoids include

Answer 4

prostaglandins (PGs)
prostacyclins (PGIs)
thromboxanes (TXs)

Question 5

Leukotrienes include

Answer 5

LTS and Lipoxins (LXs)

Question 6

Sterols are

Answer 6

structural lipids present in cell membranes

Question 7

The steroid nucleus is almost

Answer 7

planar and is relatively rigid

Question 8

Steroids are

Answer 8

derivatives of sterols

Question 9

Cholesterol is

Answer 9

amphipathic, with a polar head group (the hydroxyl group at C-3), and a nonpolar hydrocarbon body

Question 10

Cholesterol is the precursor of a large number of important

Answer 10

steroids like bile acids, sex hormones, and D vitamins

Question 11

Cholesterol is often found as

Answer 11

cholesteryl ester

Question 12

Bile acids are

Answer 12

polar derivatives of cholesterol

Question 13

The primary bile acids are

Answer 13

formed in the liver, cholic acid

Question 14

The secondary bile acids, deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid are formed

Answer 14

by the action of intestinal bacteria

Question 15

Steroid hormones move through the blood

Answer 15

on protein carriers to target tissues

Question 16

Steroid hormones bind to

Answer 16

receptor proteins in the nucleus, and trigger changes in gene expression

Question 17

The steroid hormones are

Answer 17

sex hormones, cortisol, and aldosterone

Question 18

Carotenoids are

Answer 18

one type of natural pigment e.g. B carotene

Question 19

Carotenoids have

Answer 19

antioxidant and antimalignant properties

Question 20

What are carotenoids converted to in the intestine?

Answer 20

vitamin A

Question 21

Ketone bodies are the

Answer 21

water soluble molecules produced by the liver form fatty acids

Question 22

Ketone bodies include

Answer 22

acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone

Question 23

Ketone bodies are produced during ………….

Ketone bodies can be utilized as ………..

Answer 23

periods of fasting

fuel in the heart, brain, and muscles