Lipid Classification and Biomedical Importance

Question 1

Lipids are

Answer 1

heterogeneous organic compounds,

large hydrocarbon part + few polar functional groups

Question 2

Lipids include:

SOW

Answer 2

oils
steroids
waxes
and related compounds, that are related more by their physical than by their chemical properties

Question 3

Lipids are relatively

Answer 3

insoluble in water and soluble in nonpolar solvents

Question 4

Name the 6 functions of lipids

SEIPTS

Answer 4

1. structural elements
2. energy source
3. important dietary constituents containing fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids
4. protect organs
5. thermal insulators
6. signaling (hormones & intracellular messenger)

Question 5

Lipids are classified into

Answer 5

simple lipids
compound/complex/conjugated lipids
derived lipids

Question 6

Simple lipids

Answer 6

Fatty acid + alcohol

TAG -Triacylglycerols

Question 7

Compound lipids FAA

Name 3: GLP

Answer 7

Fatty acid + alcohol + additional group

-phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins

Question 8

Derived Lipids

Name 4: FESK

Answer 8

Hydrolysis of simple/compound lipids 
fatty acids
steroids
eicosanoids
ketone bodies

Question 9

Miscellaneous Lipids

Answer 9

possess characteristics of lipids
squalene
carotenoids

Question 10

Simple lipids are

definition

Answer 10

esters of fatty acids with various alcohols

Question 11

Fats:

Answer 11

esters of fatty acids+glycerol

Question 12

Fats are

Name 3

Answer 12

monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, or triacyclglycerols

Question 13

Triacylglycerols are

They act as

Answer 13

esters of glycerol and 3 fatty acids

the main energy storage for the body

Question 14

Triacyclglycerols are ________(neutral), ________ molecules and ______ in water (neutral fat)

Answer 14

nonpolar, hydrophobic , and insoluble

Question 15

Types of TGs include

Answer 15

simple (e.g. tripalmitin)

mixed (e.g. triacylglycerols)

Question 16

Oils are TGs that are rich in __________ _______ acids and _______ at room temperature .

Answer 16

unsaturated fatty acids

liquid

Question 17

Fats are TG that are rich in ______ ________ acids and ______ at room temperature

Answer 17

saturated fatty acids

solid

Question 18

_________ and germinating seeds store large amounts of TAG and contain _________.

Answer 18

Adipocytes

Lipases

Question 19

Waxes:

Answer 19

esters of fatty acids + higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols

Question 20

Functions of waxes include:

Answer 20

1. assists in cleaning and lubrication
2. provides protection against bacteria, fungi, and water
3. moisturizes the skin

Question 21

Where is wax found in humans?

Answer 21

the ear canal

or when applied with lotions and ointments e.g. lanolin and bee wax