Phospholipids & Glycolipids

Question 1

Phospholipids are amphipathic.

Answer 1

Lipids are insoluble in water since they contain a predominance of nonpolar (hydrocarbon) groups.

Question 2

Some lipids contain ………….

Therefore, a part of the molecule is ……….. ‘water insoluble’ and a part is ………..’water soluble’

Answer 2

polar groups
hydrophobic
hydrophilic

Question 3

Glycerophospholipds are also called

Answer 3

phosphoglycerides

Question 4

Glycerophospholipids are

Answer 4

membrane lipids in which 2 fatty acids are attached in ester linkage to the 1st and 2nd carbons of glycerol, and a highly polar or charged group is attached through a phosphodiester linkage to the 3rd carbon

Question 5

A glycerophospholipid has

Answer 5

polar and nonpolar regions

Question 6

Phosphoglycerides are a major constituent of

Answer 6

cell membranes

Question 7

Glycerophospholipds are named as

Answer 7

derivatives of the parent compound, phosphatic acid, according to the polar alcohol in the head group

Question 8

A polar group is usually esterified to

Answer 8

Pi (usually serine, choline, ethanolamine, glycerol, or inositol)

Question 9

In phosphoglycerides,

Answer 9

structure=function

Question 10

In phosphoglycerides :
polar region-
nonpolar region-
........... character
ideal for forming ...........

Answer 10

glycerol, phosphate group, X
fatty acid
amphiphatic
bilayers

Question 11

Glycolipids are important in

Answer 11

nerve tissues and in the cell membrane

Question 12

Glycolipids are lipids with an attached

Answer 12

carbs or carb chains

Question 13

Glycolipids are widely distributed in every

Answer 13

tissue of the body, particularly in nervous tissue such as brain

Question 14

Glycolipids occur in the

Answer 14

outer leaflet of the plasma membrane , whre they contribute to cell surface carbs

Question 15

The major glycolipids found in

Answer 15

animal tissues are glycosphingolipids

Question 16

The major glycolipids found in

Answer 16

animal tissues are glycosphingolipids

Question 17

The major glycolipids found in

Answer 17

animal tissues are glycosphingolipids

Question 18

Sphingolipids are a large class of membrane lipids which have a

Answer 18

polar head group and 2 nonpolar tails

Question 19

How are sphingolipids different from glycerophospholipids?

Answer 19

they contain no glycerol

Question 20

Sphingolipids are composed of 1 molecules of the

Answer 20

long chain amino alcohol sphingosine
one molecule of a long-chain fatty acid
a polar head group that is joined by a glycosidic linkage in somecases and a phosphodiester in others

Question 21

Carbonds ___, ___, and __ of the sphingosine molecule are structurally ______ to the 3 carbons of ______ in glycerophospholipis

Answer 21

C-1 C-2 C-3
analogous
glycerol

Question 22

When a fatty acid is attached in amide linkage to the –NH2 on

Answer 22

C-2, the resulting compound is a ceramide

Question 23

What are the structural parents of all sphingolipids?

Answer 23

ceramides

Question 24

What are the 3 subclasses of sphingolipids?

Answer 24

sphingomyelins
neutral (uncharged) glycolipids
gangliosides

Question 25

Sphingomyelins contain

Answer 25

phosphochoine or phosphoethanolamine as their polar head group

Question 26

In sphingomyelins are classified along with

Answer 26

glycerophospholipids as phospholipids

Question 27

Sphingomyelins are present in the plasma membranes of animal cells and are especially prominent in

Answer 27

myelin, a membranous sheath that surrounds and insulates the axons of some neurons

Question 27

Sphingomyelins are present in the plasma membranes of animal cells and are especially prominent in

Answer 27

myelin, a membranous sheath that surrounds and insulates the axons of some neurons

Question 28

Cerebroside

Answer 28

a sphingolipid (ceramide) with a monosaccharide such as glucose or galactose as polar head group

Question 29

Ganglioside

Answer 29

a ceramide with polar head group that is a complex oligosaccharide, including the acidic sugar derivative sialic acid

Question 30

Both are cerebroside and gangliosides are known as

Answer 30

glycosphingolipids and are commonly found on the outer leaflet of the cell membrane

Question 31

Sphingolipids are

Answer 31

derivatives of sphingosine

Question 32

Sphingolipids at cell surfaces area sites of

Answer 32

biological recognition

Question 33

Glycosphingolipids as determinants of

Answer 33

blood groups