Dermatitis

Question 1

Dermatitis is under what pathological process?

Answer 1

Inflammation and repair

Question 2

A dermatitis that is superlative/pustular/exudation/neutrophilic is due to?

Answer 2

Bacterial

Auto-immunity

Question 3

Dermatitis that is proliferative is due to?

Answer 3

Virus

Question 4

Dermatitis that is vesicular is due to ?

Answer 4

Viral

Auto-immunity

Question 5

A dermatitis that is granulomatous is due to

Answer 5

Mycobacteria
Fungal
Foreign substance

Question 6

A dermatitis that is eosinophilic is due to

Answer 6

Allergy

Parasites

Question 7

A dermatitis that are at the dermal-epidermal junction (interface) is due to

Answer 7

Auto-immunity

Question 8

Pus in the skin is called

Answer 8

Pyoderma

Question 9

Pyoderma that is superficial in the epidermis and the hair follicles can be due to what diseases?

Answer 9

Canine superficial spreading pyoderma/ bacterial folliculitis

Impetigo (pustular)

Greasy pig disease (staph hyicus)

Dermatophilosis

Question 10

A deep pyoderma within the dermis can be due to what diseases

Answer 10

Bacterial furunculosis (eg dog with chin acne

Abscesses

Question 11

What are predisposing factors for bacterial infection of skin

Answer 11

Disorders of keratinization

• endocrine disease
• chronic dermatitis -allergy or parasite

Immunodeficiency

Anatomical predisposition

Question 12

What features of dogs skin makes bacterial infection common?

Answer 12

Thin stratus corneum
Lack of lipid seal of hair follicles
High skin pH

Question 13

What is the most common bacteria infection skin

Answer 13

Staphylococcus spp

-produce exfoliating toxins that cause intraepidermal splitting

Question 14

Non-follicular pustules which develop into crust often seen in prepubescent puppies

Answer 14

Impetigo

Question 15

Skin fold pyoderma, where apposed surfaces cause frictional trauma leading to opportunistic bacterial infections

Answer 15

Intertrigo

Question 16

In a dog you see..

Moist, alopecia, sightly raised well-circumscribed lesions with ulceration/crusting

Answer 16

Pyotraumatic dermatitis (hot spots)

Question 17

What is the cause of potraumatic dermatitis?

Answer 17

Self trauma -> bacterial infection

-> underlying puritans (eg flea allergy dermatitis)

Question 18

In a pig you see…

Erythema, pustules, crust

Answer 18

Greasy pig disease (exudation dermatitis)

Caused by staphylococcus hyicus

Question 19

What are predisposing factors of greasy pig disease?

Answer 19

Other skin lesions, poor nutrition/husbandry, lacerations

This can be fatal in neonatal pigs

Question 20

You see on your cows and your sheeps..

Pustules, exudate, matted hair/wool, and alopecia on their backs and distal extremities

Answer 20

Dermatophilosis

Question 21

What are predisposing factors to dermatophilosis ?

Answer 21

Wet weather/humid climate (rain rot)

-prolonged wetting skin allows penetration of epidermis by zoospores

Question 22

Dermatophilosis is caused by???

Answer 22

Dermatophilus congolensis

Gram + filamentous bacteria
Train track appearance

Question 23

In a dog you see..

Scaling, erythematous macules, papules, crusts, epidermal collarettes, and alopecia

Answer 23

Canine superficial spreading pyoderma

Question 24

What is your DDX for canine superficial spreading pyoderma?

Answer 24

Dermatophytosis (ring worm)

Demodicosis

Question 25

What diagnostics would help you differentiate dermatophytosis vs demodicosis ?

Answer 25

``` Cytology of pustule/crust -neutrophils with cocci Woods lamp -> ringworm with fluorescence Fungal culture Skin scraping -> demodex ```

Question 26

Demodicosis is caused by

Answer 26

Demodex spp mite

Question 27

What two forms of demodex can dogs have

Answer 27

Localized - face and forelegs (usually in young dogs, self traumatizing) Generalized (adult onset- associated with systemic disease/neoplasia/endocrinpathy/immunosuppressive therapy)

Question 28

Dermatophytosis is caused by?

Answer 28

Keratinophylic fungi - Epiermophyton - Microsproum - Trichophyton spp

Question 29

How do animals get a dermatophytosis infection

Answer 29

Contagious- aquired by contact with scales shed from infected animals

Question 30

What are predisposing factors do dermatophytosis infections

Answer 30

Young or immunosuppression Hot/humid environments Self-limiting disease in healthy animals

Question 31

Dog with pustular/exudative dermatitis What is the pathological process and the most likely causes?

Answer 31

Inflammatory DDX: Bacterial eg. Staphylococcus Fungal Auto-immune

Question 32

What is a group of autoimmune diseases involving type II hypersensitivity against cell adhesions proteins

Answer 32

Pemphigus

Question 33

What is the most common/milder form of pemphigus

Answer 33

Pemphigus foliaceous

Question 34

Pemphigus foliaceous.. where is is usually localized? What are the lesions? What is it caused by?

Answer 34

Face, ears, footpads, and clawbeds Vesicles, pustules, crusts, and ulcers Spontaneous, drug-induced, or allergic skin disease "Foliaceous feet face" - Dennis

Question 35

Pigs Solid elevations less than 1cm What pathological process dies this belong to and what is your DDX?

Answer 35

Disturbance of growth | Inflammatory

Question 36

Histopathology of a papule on a pig shows proliferative dermatitis with ballooning degeneration and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. What is the most likely diagnosis ?

Answer 36

Swine-pox infection

Question 37

What is the sequence of lesions that arise due to pox viruses?

Answer 37

Macule -> papule -> vesicle -> umbiliated pustule -> crust

Question 38

What gene do pox viruses contain that leads to epidermal hyperplasia

Answer 38

Epidermal growth factor

Question 39

You have some livestock in your backyard and you see... Lameness, anorexia, ptylasm... you investigate further cause thats just the kind of doctor you are... You find ulcers on their feet, bullas/ulcers in their mouths What pathological process is this and what's your DDX?

Answer 39

Degeneration and necrosis Inflammatory Virus - herpes - pox - vesicular diseases (FMD, VSV, SVD, and VES)

Question 40

How do you differentiate a DDX between a group of viruses?

Answer 40

Lab testing

Question 41

FMD virus infects what sp?

Answer 41

Cattle, pigs, wildlife

Question 42

VSV virus infects what hosts

Answer 42

Cattle, pig, horse, llama

Question 43

SVD virus infects what hosts?

Answer 43

Pigs, feral swine

Question 44

VES infects what hosts?

Answer 44

Pigs | Fish and marine mammals

Question 45

Cat with vesicular dermatitis on the face Pustular/vesicular/dermatitis/cheilitis/rhinitis

Answer 45

feline herpes virus 1 | Could be calcivirus-> look for ulcers on the tongue)

Question 46

Pseudo-lumpy skins disease is a vesicular-ulcerative dermatitis due to what virus?

Answer 46

Bovine herpes virus 2

Question 47

Cows with vesicular-ulcerative mammilities is due to what virus?

Answer 47

Bovine herpes virus 2