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D&T 4 exam 1 > Diabetic drugs > Flashcards

Diabetic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

name 3 things released from Beta cells of pancreas

A

insulin
C-peptide
Amylin

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2
Q

Insulin is stored as secretory granule in what form

A

hexamer

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3
Q

what is the biologically active form of insulin

A

monomer

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4
Q

Insulin release requires what from the beta cells

A

increased intracellular calcium

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5
Q

a rise in plasma glucose increases what ratio

A

ATP/ADP

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6
Q

increase ATP in beta cell causes what

A
  • close K channel
  • depolarization
  • influx voltage-dependent Ca channel
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7
Q

what is the principal stimulus for insulin? best route of administration

A

glucose

better response with oral

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8
Q

What beta agonist can stimulate inuslin

A

isoproterenol

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9
Q

name 4 substances what will inhibit insulin release

A

Diazoxide
somatostatin
alpha2-agonist
beta2-antagonist

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10
Q

what are the different parts of insulin receptor

A

alpha and beta

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11
Q

Name the rapid insulin analgouges

A

aspart
glulisine
lispro

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12
Q

what rapid insulin analogue is absorbed the fastest? when is it injected? How is it injected

A

aspart

  • 5 min before meal
  • sub-cutaneous, IV
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13
Q

which short acting insulin is compatible only with NPH insulin in syringe? compatible only with NPH insulin?

A

Lispro and gluilisine

aspart

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14
Q

Name long acting insuline

A

Determir

Glargine

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15
Q

Determir biochemical arrangement

A

B30 amino acid threonine omitted and a 14 carbon fatty acid is attached to the
B29 amino acid.

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16
Q

What is onset of Gargine

A

-Onset in 1 hr but constant response

17
Q

fever, hyperthyroidism, surgery, trauma, infection does what to insulin

A

increase insulin requirements

18
Q

nausea/ vomiting; hypothyroidism, renal impairment, liver impairment does what to insulin

A

Decreased insulin requirements

19
Q

most common adverse effects of insuline

A

hypoglycemia

20
Q

PRAMLINTIDE MOA

A

Synthetic amylin analog. Amylin released with insulin by βeta cells.

21
Q

Pramlintide use and how do you take the drug

A

Approved for Type 1 and 2 diabetics

Injected sc

22
Q

Pramlintide

A
  1. Hypoglycemia – severe
  2. Never mix with insulin in same syringe
  3. DO not use in diabetic with gastroparesis
23
Q

SULPHONYLUREAS

1. MECHANISM OF ACTION OF SULPHONYLUREAS

A

Stimulate insulin release

-Binds to cell surface receptor

24
Q

Chlorpropamide, Tolbutamide

A

1st generation of sulphonylureas

25
Q

Glimepiride, Glyburide

A

2st generation of sulphonylureas

26
Q

Sulphonylureas uses

A

a. Type II Diabetes who are ketosis resistant

c. Central Diabetes Insipidus
Chlorpropamide in patients who cannot tolerate desmopressin

27
Q

Sulphonylureas contrandications

A

a. Hypoglycemia
b. Contraindication ketoacidosis must use insulin
c. Chlorpropamide

D&T 4 exam 1 (17 decks)

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