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Immunology > E2: L12 > Flashcards

E2: L12 Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Helper T cells are involved with what number CD __

A

CD 4

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2
Q

Cytotoxic T cells are involved with what number CD

A

CD 8

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3
Q

regulatory T cells are involved with what numbers CD?

A

CD4, CD25, and Foxp3

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4
Q

a nieve lymphocyte is a lymphocyte that is ready to be activated but us yet to be ___

A

activated

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5
Q

humoral response contains __ cells

A

B

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6
Q

Cellular immune system contains __ cells

A

T

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7
Q

the proteins in the membrane of CD cells function as __ in the lab

A

markers

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8
Q

the CD proteins have a job in __ of other cells

A

activation

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9
Q

CD3+ means they have CD3 __ in their membranes

A

proteins

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10
Q

B cells are a lymphocyte that is CD3 __

A

negative

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11
Q

do B cells have makers that are associated with cytotoxic cells

A

no

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12
Q

lymphocytes are produced in the

A

bone marrow

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13
Q

some lymphocytes become B cells and mature in the bone marrow. ___ go to the thymus to be trained.

A

T

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14
Q

T cells enter the thymus in the cortex they become ___.

A

thymocytes

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15
Q

what developmental stage is the thymus most active

A

childhood

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16
Q

thymus can be a point when a viral exposure can happen. this means you can have __ cells present along with T cells

A

dendritic

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17
Q

a mature T cell is also called a __ cell

A

nieve

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18
Q

immature thymocytes are not expressing any of which 3 proteins

A

CD3-, CD4-, and CD8-

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19
Q

T cell receptors start to be expressed in the __ stage in maturation

A

1st

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20
Q

both CD3 and CD8 are expressed __ in thyme development

A

early

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21
Q

the receptors will undergo genetic reorganization to increase ___

A
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22
Q

negative selection

A

against cells recognizing self antigens and select for cells that use histone compatability proteins. these that become nieve T cells can recognize between self and foreign.

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23
Q

majority of cells that leave thymus and circulate through body are __

A

destroyed

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24
Q

a nieve cell differentiate between __ and __ cells

A

cytotoxic and helper

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25
cytotoxic cells are only CD__
CD8
26
helper T cells are only CD__
CD4
27
pre T cells are __ __
double negative
28
after the pre T cell develops in 1st step of maturation, it becomes __ __
double positive
29
naive T cells circulate through body and picked up through __ __
lymph bodys
30
Naive cells are no longer considered naive when they encounter an ___
antigen
31
CD3 is a complex composed of __ subunits
4
32
TCR stands for
T-cell antigen receptor
33
CD3 cell says it is a __ cell
T
34
Th1 helper T cells steer it toward a __ ___ response
cell mediated
35
Th2 helper T cells steer it toward an __ __ response. this is a __ response
antibody mediated. humoral
36
Cytotoxic T cells Kill __ cells. this is called __
target, apoptosis
37
Regulatory T cells acts as a __
regulator
38
3 signals to activate a T-cell: AMC
1. antigen presentation 2. molecular interactions, second signal 3.cytokines
39
1. antigen presentation. T-cells can only respond in __ __ __ contact
cell-to-cell
40
cytokines provide the __ signal in T-cell activation
3rd
41
once activated T-cells go into what 2 effector forms of CD
CD8+ and CD4+
42
CD8+ become a __ cell
cytotoxic
43
with exposure to antigen presenting cell, __ loops start
feedback
44
once activated, T-cells encounter cytokines that trigger clonal ___
expansion
45
a naiev t-cell encounters a T-cell receptor and an __ molecule.
MHC
46
MHC molecule is the ___
antigen
47
CD4 markers job hold the cells together to stimulate the naive CD__ Cell
CD4
48
What MHC is involved in CD4 cells
MHC 2
49
activation signal 1 is __ specific
antigen
50
two types of antigen-specific TCR engagement
MHC 1 or MHC 2
51
costimulatory interaction requires an additional __
protein
52
when the interaction involves a costimulatory interaction, it is a __ interaction
stronger
53
signal 3: cytokines direct T cell differentiation into distinct effector cell types. the 2 types are
T cell and helper T cells
54
name the signal number: engagement of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD28
2
55
name the signal: : TCR/MHC-peptide interactions along with CD4 and CD8 coreceptors
1
56
name the signal: local cytokine signaling
3
57
signals 1 and 2 do up __ and __ of IL2 and IL2r genes
regulation, transcription
58
costimulators can be ___
inhibitors
59
CD___:activation of naive t cells
CD28
60
negative regulation of the immune response is influenced by ___
PD-1
61
__ can inhibit the activation of the lymphocyte in a specific way
PD-1
62
what 2 cytokines are nearby when the T cell is activated.
IL-12, (viral) and IL-4 (parasites)
63
___ are produced by antigen presenting cells from their innate activation
interleukins
64
IL-12 controls the ___ ___ immune response
cell mediated immune response
65
IL-4 controls what type of immune response
Humoral response
66
antigen presenting cells interact with naive CD___ T cells
CD4+
67
polarizing cytokines can __ helper T-cells
differentiate
68
know the role of TH1/2, Treg, and TFH cells***
69
IL4 and IL12 signal to ___ T cells
helper
70
if IL-12 is present, the cell will become Helper type __
1 (TH1)
71
if IL-4 is present, the cell will become helper cell type __
2, Th2
72
Th1 is involved in ___ ___ response and TH2 in the ___ response
cell mediated, humoral
73
Cytotoxic T cell maturation step 1 is the interaction with ___
MHC
74
Cytotoxic T cell maturation step 2 is interaction with __
co-stimulators
75
Cytotoxic T cell maturation step 3 is ___ involved with IL-2
cytokines
76
T cell leaves thymus and can be activated as __ or ___
77
___ cells dampen the immune response
Peripheral Treg cells
78
Peripheral Treg cells originate in what organ
thymus, peripherally
79
Tumor factor beta is present activate Treg cells to secrete __ and ___ to down regulate the immune response. and suppress other T-cell __
IL-10 and TGF-B. subsets.
80
helper T cells express CD___
CD4
81
IL-10 __ immune response
dampen
82
Tfh cells are __ ___ __ cells
Follicular helper T
83
Tfh promote B cell ___
differentiation
84
CXC stands for ___
chemokine
85
helper cells go into the lympnodes because of ___
chemokine
86
Th1 cell is __ ___ immunity
cell mediated
87
when T cells come in contact with antigen presenting cells, they initiate ___
apoptosis
88
antigen presenting cells have __-___ properties
co-stimulatory
89
cells that are professional phagocytes in the adaptive response: DMBl
dendritic, macrophage, B lymphocyte (B cells)

Immunology (21 decks)

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