E3: Hypersensitivity

Question 1

What are the 2 types of hyperseneitivites

Answer 1

immediate and delayed

Question 2

how long does delayed hypersensitivities take to manifest

Answer 2

1-3 days

Question 3

why is delayed sensitivities, delayed? because its caused by ___ cells :(

Answer 3

because its caused by T-cells

Question 4

example of a type 2 reaction

Answer 4

blood transfusion

Question 5

example of type 3 reaction

Answer 5

antigen/ antibody complexes getting stuck in the kidney and causing renal failure

Question 6

type __ reaction is your classic allergy

Answer 6

1

Question 7

example of type 4 reaction

Answer 7

dermitis,drug hypersensitivity

Question 8

immune mediator in type 1 reactions

Answer 8

IgE

Question 9

Immune mediator in type __ is IgE

Answer 9

1

Question 10

allergies are initiated by an interaction between ___ and a ___ antigen

Answer 10

IgE, multivalent

Question 11

IgE is circulating in the body in __ concentrations

Answer 11

low

Question 12

most common antibody in the blood

Answer 12

IgG

Question 13

most common antibody on plasma cells

Answer 13

IgD and IgM

Question 14

IgE binds to ____ cells (innate/adaptive)

Answer 14

innate

Question 15

many allergens can elicit a type __ response

Answer 15

1

Question 16

healthy individuals make IgE in response to ___ infections

Answer 16

parasitic

Question 17

__ individuals produce IgE against common environmental Ags

Answer 17

Atopic

Question 18

common environmental Ags are either ___ or ___

Answer 18

proteins, glycoproteins

Question 19

what are epitopes

Answer 19

antigenic sites

Question 20

IgE stimulates a Th___ response

Answer 20

2

Question 21

__ means you are prone to these hypersensativities

Answer 21

Atopic

Question 22

epitope is what the __ binds to

Answer 22

antibody

Question 23

if 1 antigen has several epitopes, you can then have ________-___

Answer 23

cross reactivity

Question 24

what response does IgE in hypersensitivity type 1 stimulate

Answer 24

T helper type 2

Question 25

what does IgE cross link with

Answer 25

FceR1s

Question 26

Granule mediators of Type 1 Hypersensitivity act on surrounding tissues and cells to cause ___

Answer 26

symptoms

Question 27

the mechanism is mediated by the ___ receptors

Answer 27

Fc

Question 28

B cells become ___ cells that produce IgE

Answer 28

plasma

Question 29

name of the receptor that is the high-affinity IgE receptor

Answer 29

FcER1

Question 30

there are high levels of FceR1 on what 2 cell types

Answer 30

mast cells, basophils

Question 31

what cells have low levels of FcER1

Answer 31

eosinophils, monocytes, platelets

Question 32

binding does what to IgE

Answer 32

increases the half-life from 2-3 days to weeks

Question 33

___ is what we call an allergic reaction

Answer 33

degranulation

Question 34

in an allergic reaction, the mast cell calls in what other cell

Answer 34

eosinophil

Question 35

what is IgE in the blood for

Answer 35

parasitic infections

Question 36

heparin is an ____

Answer 36

anticoagulant

Question 37

leukotrienes are an example of

Answer 37

cytokines

Question 38

Langerhans cells are located on the __

Answer 38

skin

Question 39

if the IgE finds a receptor on a mast cell or basophil, the half life increases to be a few ___

Answer 39

weeks

Question 40

IgE binding to a receptor causes __ and ___ of ___

Answer 40

degranulation, release of cytokines

Question 41

is there cross talk between acute and chronic reactions

Answer 41

yes

Question 42

name of the low affinity IgE receptor

Answer 42

FcER2

Question 43

FcER2 regulates the projection of IgE by __ cells (B or T)

Answer 43

B

Question 44

name the 2 isoforms of FcER2

Answer 44

CD23 a and b

Question 45

__ cells express both RcER1 and 2

Answer 45

mast cells

Question 46

if a cell binds to IgE and IgD the __ signal may be induced

Answer 46

inhibiting

Question 47

what is a part of why inducing IgG in atopic individuals can respond to "allergy shots"

Answer 47

because the allergy shots increase the IgG produces which can cause an inhibiting signal to be produced

Question 48

2 types of mediators

Answer 48

primary, secondary

Question 49

mediators are released by what

Answer 49

degranulation

Question 50

histamine is a ___

Answer 50

vasodilator

Question 51

histamine effects observed within ___

Answer 51

minutes

Question 52

understanding the receptor types of (histamine for example), can help better with ____. Fine tune the medication.

Answer 52

treatment