E2: L19 immune response in space/time

Question 1

___ ___ circulate moving into the tissues from the blood, scanning for Ag.

Answer 1

naive lymphocytes

Question 2

after naive lymphocytes are activated in the secondary lymphatic location, they return to the heart and are re-circulated throughout the body

Question 3

__ and ___ cells travel into secondary lymph organs, such as lymph nodes, prior to antigen exposure.

Answer 3

T and B

Question 4

T and B cells travel into ___ lymph organs, such as lymph nodes, prior to ___ exposure.

Answer 4

secondary, antigen

Question 5

1. T and B cells leave the blood and enter a lymph node.
2. T cells browse the fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) network.
3. B cells travel to follicles and browse follicular DCs.
4. DCs and other APCs are scanned on the FRC, and antigen enters the subscapsular sinuses.
5. T and B cell

Question 6

macrophages can present an ___ in the lymph node

Answer 6

antigen

Question 7

Lymphocytes gain entry into the splenic ___ pulp via
distinct homing mechanisms.

Answer 7

white

Question 8

what are the secondary lymphatic structures? what are the primary lymphatic structures?

Question 9

In the absence of infection: naïve T cells browse for antigen in: the paracortex of ____ node;
T zone in ___
___ cells browse the follicles in both lymph node

Answer 9

lymph, spleen, B

Question 10

naïve ___ cells browse for antigen in the paracortex of lymph node;
T zone in spleen
___ cells browse the follicles in both lymph no

Answer 10

T, B

Question 11

Innate immune cells are activated by Ag binding to ____

Answer 11

PRRs

Question 12

PRR stands for

Answer 12

pattern-recognition
receptors

Question 13

how do antigens specifically get to lymph node and spleen.
can travel on ___ cells or as ___ antigens

Answer 13

dendritic, unprocessed

Question 14

___ cells have to have a cell to cell connection

Answer 14

T

Question 15

___ cells bind unprocessed Ag in lymph node.

Answer 15

B

Question 16

unprocessed antigen is also known as a ___ antigen

Answer 16

soluble

Question 17

___ cells scan lymph node for Ag peptides bound to MHC
molecules.

Answer 17

T

Question 18

unprocessed antigens are on the dendritic cell which have not processed that protein yet. Are on the way to becoming PRR, but not there yet.

Question 19

Blood-borne antigen is primarily picked up in what organ

Answer 19

spleen

Question 20

Blood-borne Ag captured by specialized ____ at the marginal
zone of the spleen.

Answer 20

APCs

Question 21

APCs stand for

Answer 21

Antigen presenting cells

Question 22

Once activated, B cells:
A. present antigen to dendritic cells in the paracortex.
B. recognize antigen presented on T cells in the subcapsular sinus.
C. migrate toward the paracortex to interact with T cells.
D. leave the secondary lymph organ and return to the bone marrow.
E. attract neutrophils into the lymph node via chemokine release.

Question 23

Once activated, antigen-presenting ___ cells enter lymph node, travel to paracortex.

Answer 23

Dendritic

Question 24

DCs stand for

Answer 24

dendritic cells

Question 25

to activate a T cell: only happens through contact with an ____ ___ cell

Answer 25

antigen presenting

Question 26

to activate a B cell: ___ antigen can activate them

Answer 26

soluble

Question 27

CD__ __ T cells and B cells become activated in the lymph node following initial antigen exposure.

Answer 27

4+

Question 28

T cells need antigen presenting cells, and are most effective if they have a ___ T cell

Answer 28

helper

Question 29

CD4+ T cells and B cells become activated in the lymph node following initial ___ ___.

Answer 29

antigen exposure

Question 30

CD___ __ T cells activated in lymph nodes via a multicellular interaction.

Answer 30

8+

Question 31

CD8+ activated cells become ____cells

Answer 31

cytotoxic

Question 32

cytotoxic response is also called the __ ___ response

Answer 32

cell mediated

Question 33

CD8+ T cells activated in lymph nodes via a ___ ___

Answer 33

multicellular interaction

Question 34

T and B cells work best when cross talking with a ___ cell presenting the antigen and a __ ___ cell

Answer 34

dendritic, T Helper

Question 35

Naïve CD8+ T cells activation may require a three-cell interaction between an ___ that is binding to ___ and ___ T cells simultaneously.

Answer 35

APC, CD8+, CD4+

Question 36

once cells are activated is to move to the infection site via the ___ lymphatic vessel.

Answer 36

efferent

Question 37

Plasma cells travel to different sites. * early ___ producers move to lymph node medulla. * ___ producers often move to bone marrow. * ___ producers localize to mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), especially at the gut.

Answer 37

IgM IgG IgA

Question 38

Plasma cells travel to different sites. * early IgM producers move to lymph node ___.

Answer 38

medulla

Question 39

Plasma cells travel to different sites. IgG producers often move to __ ___.

Answer 39

bone marrow

Question 40

Plasma cells travel to different sites. IgA producers localize to ___, especially at the gut.

Answer 40

MALT

Question 41

___ and ___ T cells travel to multiple organs and sites of infection.

Answer 41

effector, memory

Question 42

intracellular pathogens tend to trigger type __ responses.

Answer 42

1

Question 43

____ pathogens tend to trigger type 1 responses.

Answer 43

intracellular

Question 44

worms and large extracellular pathogens trigger type __ responses.

Answer 44

2

Question 45

___ and ___ extracellular pathogens trigger type 2 responses.

Answer 45

worms, large

Question 46

___ and some ___ trigger type 3 responses.

Answer 46

fungi, bacteria

Question 47

Fungi and some bacteria trigger type ___ responses.

Answer 47

3

Question 48

When a lymphocyte engages Ag, → ___ and ___.

Answer 48

proliferation, differentiation

Question 49

within how much time do the B cells process and present antigens on their own MHC molecules.

Answer 49

hours

Question 50

pathogen-specific antibodies are found within ___ days

Answer 50

10

Question 51

at same time B cells are processing and presenting antigens on their own MHC molecules, the CD8+ T cells engage DCs and CD4+ T cells to differentiate into ___ ___.

Answer 51

cytotoxic lymphocytes

Question 52

about ___ days for memory and cytotoxic cells to develop

Answer 52

7

Question 53

resonate memory cells, once out in the body, stay in the ___ tissues

Answer 53

peripheral

Question 54

____ receptors regulate immune cell travel to skin, gut, bone marrow, and other locations

Answer 54

Homing

Question 55

Homing receptors regulate immune cell ___ to skin, gut, bone marrow, and other locations.

Answer 55

travel

Question 56

___ cells are critical to secondary response to pathogen challenge

Answer 56

memory

Question 57

___ cell populations increase over an individual’s lifetime and are dominant in older individuals.

Answer 57

memory

Question 58

AICD stands for

Answer 58

activation induced cell death

Question 59

During an immune response, lymphocytes can expand their population ____-fold.

Answer 59

1,000

Question 60

Lymphocyte expansion is followed by contraction where only ____-___ of the lymphocyte pool remains.

Answer 60

5%-10%

Question 61

PRRs trigger ___-____ cytokine production.

Answer 61

pro-inflammatory

Question 62

T sub n stands for

Answer 62

Naive T cell

Question 63

T sub e stands for

Answer 63

effector T cell

Question 64

T sub em stands for

Answer 64

effector memory cell

Question 65

T sub cm stands for

Answer 65

central memory cell

Question 66

T sub rm stands for

Answer 66

resident memory cell

Question 67

after leaving the secondary lymphoid tissue, T cells can travel to what 4 locations?

Answer 67

skin, lungs, bone marrow, intestines

Question 68

0-5 days after infection is the ___ immune response

Answer 68

innate

Question 69

5 days after infection is the ___ immune response

Answer 69

adaptive

Question 70

the primary antibody immune response is from ___ to __ days

Answer 70

0-21 days

Question 71

the secondary antibody immune response starts after __ days

Answer 71

21

Question 72

the primary immune response is about __ cells

Answer 72

B

Question 73

the secondary immune response is about __ cells

Answer 73

memory