Flashcards in Endocrine Drugs Deck (82)
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1
What drug is used in management of short stature that acts by increasing release of IGF-1 in the liver and cartilage, stimulating skeletal muscle growth, amino acid transport, protein synthesis and cell proliferation?
Somatropin
(Growth hormone)
2
What drug is used as performance-enhancing drug that is banned by athletic committees?
Somatropin
3
What is the somatostatin analog used in treatment for acromegaly, pituitary adenoma, carcinoid, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, variceal bleeding?
Octreotide
4
Drug used to activate FSH receptors for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and for management of infertility due to hypogonadism in men
Follitropin Alfa
5
LH analog
Choriogonadotropin alfa
HCG
Menotropins
Lutropin
6
GnRH analog which increases LH and FSH with intermittent administration and reduces LH and FSH with prolonged continuous administration.
Used for the treatment of endometriosis, myoma uteri, precocious puberty and prostate cancer
Leuprolide
7
GnRH antagonist used in prostate cancer and prevention of premature LH surge
Ganirelix
Cetrorelix
Abarelix
Degarelix
Note: does not cause a tumor flare up when used for treatment of advanced prostate cancer
8
Dopamine agonist but a partial agonist at dopamine D2 receptors in the brain to inhibit prolactin release
Bromocriptine
Pergolide
Carbergoline
Quinagolide
9
What is the side effect of bromocriptine other than erythromelalgia and pulmonary fibrosis?
raynaud phenomenon
10
What is the drug of choice for treatment of pregnant hyperthyroid patients which has a slow onset of action (3-4 weeks to take full effect)
Propylthiouracil
Drug class: Thioamide
11
What is the mechanism of action of propylthiouracil?
It inhibits thyroid peroxidase reactions
It inhibits iodine organification and peripheral conversion of T4 and T3
12
What is the treatment of choice for Myxedema coma (progressive weakness, stupor, hypothermia, hypoventilation, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, water intoxication, shock and death due to severe hypoglycemia)
IV loading dose of Levothyroxine 300-400 mcg
13
What are the side effects of Propylthiouracil?
Agranulocytosis, Urticaria, Fulminant Hepatitis, Lupus-like syndrome, vasculitis, Hypoprothrombinemia, Exfoliative dermatitis, Polyserositis, Arthralgia
14
Prenatal exposure to Methimazole results to?
Aplasia cutis congenita
15
What is the treatment that reduces the size and vascularity of thyroid gland. MOA includes inhibiting iodine organification and hormone release?
Lugol's solution
Potassium Iodide
16
What do you call the phenomenon in which the ingestion of iodine causes hypothyroidism?
Wolf-Chaikoff effect
17
What do you call the phenomenon in which the ingestion of iodine causes hyperthyroidism?
Jod-Basedow effect
18
What is the drug that cause clinical improvement without altering thyroid hormone levels. It inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 and T3
Propranolol
19
What are the three drugs that inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
Propylthiouracil
Propranolol
Hydrocortisone
20
What is the drug of choice for thyroid storm?
Propylthiouracil then Iodides to retard release of thyroid hormones
21
Give three drugs that induces hyperthyroidism?
Clofibrate
Amiodarone
Methadone
22
What drug induces hypo and hyperthyroidism?
Amiodarone
- Has the ability to block the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 (Tx: Levothyroxine)
- Iodine induced mechanism in persons with an underlying disease or through an inflammatory mechanism that causes leakage of thyroid hormone
(tx: Thioamides or corticosteroids)
23
What glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor that inhibits desmolase and reduced synthesis of all hormonally active steroids used in the treatment of breast cancer and cushing syndrome?
Aminogluthemide
Note: Used by body builders to lower circulating levels of cortisol in the body and prevent muscle loss
24
Which among the azole antifungals inhibits cholesterol side-chain cleavage, cytochrome P450 and other enzymes necessary for synthesis of all steroids? Used in the treatment of adrenal carcinoma, hirsutism, breast cancer, prostate cancer, cushing's syndrome and fungal infections
Ketoconazole
25
What glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor that selectively inhibits steroid 11-hydroxylation used in the diagnostic testing for Cushing's syndrome? This is also the drug of choice for pregnant patients with cushing's syndrome
Metyrapone
26
Examples of progestins
Norgestrel
Norethindrone
Ethynodiol
Megestrol
Desogestrel
Norelgestromin
Norgestimate
Etonorgestrel
27
What are the side effects of progestins?
Decreased HDL and Weight gain
28
What progestin is used as an appetite stimulant
Megestrol
29
What is the drug used as an emergency contraception
Levonorgestrel
(YUZPE regimen)
30
