Exam 2 Key Points Flashcards
1
Q
What goes through the foramen ovale?
A
- CN V3
- Accessory meningeal artery
2
Q
Is CN V3 sensory, motor, or mixed?
A
Mixed nerve
3
Q
What goes through the foramen spinosum?
A
Middle meningeal artery
4
Q
Where is the pterygomaxillary fissure?
A
Opening between the infratemporal fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa
5
Q
What goes through the pterygomaxillary fissure?
A
- Maxillary artery
- Posterior superior nerve, artery, and vein
6
Q
What attaches to the coronoid process of the mandible?
A
Temporalis muscle
7
Q
What is the function of the head of the condylar process of the mandible?
A
TMJ articular surface
8
Q
What attaches to the pterygoid fovea on the neck of the mandible?
A
Lateral pterygoid muscle
9
Q
What attaches to the angle of the mandible?
A
- Medial pterygoid muscle
- Masseter muscle
- Stylomandibular ligament
10
Q
What attaches to the ramus of the mandible?
A
- Masseter muscle
- Medial pterygoid muscle
11
Q
What attaches to the lingula of the mandible
A
Sphenomandibular ligament
12
Q
What goes through the mandibular foramen/canal?
A
Inferior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein
13
Q
What goes through the mylohyoid groove?
A
Mylohyoid nerve, artery, and vein
14
Q
What goes through the mental foramen?
A
Mental nerve, artery, and vein
15
Q
What artery passes through the neck of the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament to get to the infratemporal fossa?
A
Maxillary artery
16
Q
The maxillary artery either courses deep or superficial to what muscle in the infratemporal fossa?
A
Lateral pterygoid muscle
17
Q
How does the maxillary artery exit the infratempora fossa?
A
Pterygomaxillary fissure
18
Q
What is the counterpart of the maxillary artery?
A
Pterygoid plexus of veins
19
Q
What does the pterygoid plexus of veins communicate with?
A
- Cavernous sinus
- Facial vein
- Ophthalmic vein
20
Q
Where is the inferior alveolar nerve found in the infratemporal fossa?
A
- Medial to the ramus of the mandible
- Lateral surface of the medial pterygoid muscle
21
Q
What foramen and canal does the inferior alveolar nerve pass through?
A
Mandibular foramen and mandibular canal
22
Q
What does the inferior alveolar nerve innervate?
A
Mandibular teeth
23
Q
Is the inferior alveolar nerve a sensory, motor, or mixed nerve?
A
Mixed nerve
24
Q
What are the two branches of the inferior alveolar nerve?
A
- Mylohyoid branch
- Mental branch
25
Is the mylohyoid branch a sensory, motor, or mixed nerve?
Motor nerve
26
Is the mental branch a sensory, motor, or mixed nerve?
Sensory nerve
27
What does the mylohyoid branch innervate?
- Mylohyoid muscle
- Anterior belly of the digastric muscle
28
What does the mental branch mediate?
Sensation on the labial gingiva adjacent to the mandibular canines
29
Is the long buccal nerve a a sensory, motor, or mixed nerve?
Sensory
30
What does the long buccal nerve innervate?
Sensory to the buccal gingiva adjacent tot he mandibular molars
31
What CN is the chorda tympani nerve from?
Facial nerve, CN VII
32
What special sensory innervation does the chorda tympani nerve have?
Taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
33
What parasympathetic innervation does the chorda tympani nerve have?
Submandibular and sublingual glands
34
What branch of CN V3 does the chorda tympani nerve join to get to the oral cavity?
Lingual nerve
35
What CN is the lingual nerve a branch of?
CN V3
36
What CN is the lesser petrosal nerve a branch of?
Glossopharyngeal, CN IX
37
What CN is the posterior superior alveolar nerve a branch of?
CN V2
38
How does the posterior superior alveolar nerve enter the infratemporal fossa?
Pterygomaxillary fissure
39
What does the posterior superior alveolar nerve innervate?
- Maxillary molar teeth and adjacent gingiva
- Maxillary sinus
40
Is the otic ganglion sympathetic or parasympathetic?
Parasympathetic
41
Stylomandibular ligament attachments?
- Styloid process of temporal
- Angle of the mandible
42
Sphenomandibular ligament attachments?
- Spine of sphenoid
- Lingula of mandible
43
Is the sphenomandibular ligament medial or lateral to the TMJ joint capsule?
Medial
44
The head of the mandible articulates with the articular disc is what compartment?
Inferior synovial compartment
45
Where do hinge and rotational movements of the TMJ take place at?
Inferior synovial compartment
46
Where do gliding actions of the TMJ take place at?
Superior synovial compartment
47
Where does the mandibular fossa or articular eminence articulate with the articular disc at?
Superior synovial cavity
48
What mediates sensation from the TMJ?
Auriculotemporal nerve, CN V3
49
Translation of the TMJ must occur for what to happen?
For the jaw to open widely
50
All muscles of mastication receive motor innervation from branches of...
CN V3
51
Lateral pterygoid muscle, superior head origin?
Infratemporal surface of sphenoid
52
Lateral pterygoid muscle, inferior head origin?
Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
53
Lateral pterygoid muscle insertion?
- Articular disc of TMJ
- Pterygoid fova
54
Lateral pterygoid muscle action?
- Protrusion
- Depression
55
What muscle has an effect on contralateral deviation?
Lateral pterygoid muscle
56
Medial pterygoid muscle, superficial head origin?
Maxillary tuberosity
57
Medial pterygoid muscle, deep head origin
Medial side of the lateral pterygoid plate
58
Medial pterygoid muscle insertion?
Medial aspect of the angle and ramus of the mandible
59
Medial pterygoid muscle action?
- Elevate
- Protrude
- Retraction
60
Temporalis muscle origin?
Temporal fossa
61
What bones make up the temporal fossa?
- Temporal
- Sphenoid
- Parietal
- Frontal
62
Temporalis muscle insertion?
Coronoid process of mandible
63
Temporalis muscle actions?
- Elevation
- Retrusion
64
What muscles of mastication protrude the mandible?
- Lateral pterygoid
- Masseter, supeficial head
- Medial pterygoid
65
What muscles of mastication retrude the mandible?
- Temporalis
- Masseter, deep head
66
What muscles of mastication depress the mandible?
- Lateral pterygoid
- Gravity
67
What muscles of mastication elevate the mandible?
- Temporalis
- Masseter
- Medial pterygoid
68
What makes up the nasal septum?
- Vomer
- Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
- Septal cartilage
69
What bones form the lateral nasal wall?
- Ethmoid
- Maxilla
- Palatine
- Inferior concha
70
What are the boney projections in the lateral nasal wall?
Concha
71
What are meatuses?
Spaces in-between concha
72
What is the function of the nasal mucosa?
- Olfaction
- Respiration
73
What provides arterial supply to the nasal septum and lateral nasal walls?
- Facial artery
- Ophthalmic artery
- Maxillary artery
74
What is the point of rich anastomosis on the nasal septum that is a common source for nosebleeds?
Kiesselbach's plexus
75
What anastomosis occurs in the incisive canal?
- Spehnopalatine artery
- Great palatine artery
76
What 3 nerves innervate the nasal septum and lateral nasal wall?
- CN 1
- CN V1
- CN V2
77
What nerve goes through the incisive canal?
Nasopalatine
78
What does the nasopalatine nerve do?
Mediate general sensation on the anterior most part of the hard palate
79
What sinus is situation immediate inferior to the orbit and lateral to the nasal cavity?
Maxillary sinus
80
The roots of the maxillary teeth can penetrate the floor of what sinus?
Maxillary sinus
81
What courses within a ridge in the roof of the maxillary sinus?
Infraorbital nerve, artery, and vein
82
All three nerves that mediate sensation from the maxillary teeth course along...
The walls of the maxillary sinus on their decent to the tooth roots
83
What foramen relates to the pterygopalatine fossa?
Foramen rotumdrum, CN V2
84
What does the palatine canal carry?
- Descending palatine artery
- Greater palatine nerve
- Lesser palatine nerve
85
What goes through the greater palatine foramen?
Greater palatine nerve, artery, and vein
86
What goes through the lesser palatine foramen?
Lesser palatine nerve, artery, and vein
87
What goes through the sphenopalatine foramen?
- Nasopalatine nerve
- Sphenopalatine artery
88
What goes through the pterygoid canal?
Nerve of the pterygoid canal
89
What goes through the pharyngeal canal?
Pharyngeal nerve, artery, and vein
90
What goes through the inferior orbital fissure?
Infraorbital nerve, artery, and vein
91
Overall, what does V2 give general sensation to?
- Palate
- Nasal/paranasal sinuses
- Pharyngeal mucosa
- Maxillary teeth and adjacent gingiva
92
What nerves branch off of the infraorbital nerve?
- Anterior superior alveolar nerve
- Middle superior alveolar nerve
93
What is the palatoglossus origin?
Palate
94
What is the styloglossus origin?
Styloid process
95
What is the salpingopharyngeus origin?
Cartilaginous auditory tube
96
What do all three longitudinal muscles of the pharynx insert into?
Thyroid cartilage
97
What is the palatoglossus muscle innervated by?
Vagus nerve
98
What is the stylopharyngess muscle innervated by?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
99
What are most muscles of the pharynx and soft palate innervated by?
Vagus nerve
100
Superior constrictor muscle origin?
Pterygomandibular raphe
101
Middle constrictor muscle origin?
Hyoid bone
102
Inferior constrictor muscle origin?
Thyroid and cricoid cartilages
103
What is the common insertion for all 3 pharyngeal constrictor muscles?
Midline of the pharyngeal raphe, which then attaches to the pharyngeal tubercle
104
What is the tensor palati innervated by?
CN V3
105
What is the only complete cartilaginous ring in the body?
Cricoid cartilage
106
What is the ventricle of the larynx?
Space between the vestibular and vocal folds
107
What is the rima glottidis?
Space between the left and right vocal folds
108
What muscle abducts the vocal folds?
Posterior cricoartyenoid muscle
109
What provides sensory and motor innervation to the larynx?
Vagus nerve
110
What are enlarged lymph nodes a sign of?
Infection or tumor drainage
111
Submental nodes receive lymph from the...
Tongue
112
What does the submental nodes drain into?
Submandibular nodes
113
What do the submandibular nodes receive lymph from?
- Max and mandibular teeth and gingiva
- Oral palate
- Tongue/submental nodes
114
Where does the submandibular nodes drain into?
Superior deep cervical nodes
115
The superior deep cervical nodes generally receive lymph from all structures....
Anterior to the mastoid process and all the way to the front of the face
116
Any inflammation in the head, nasal cavity, or oral cavity will show up as an enlargement of what nodes?
Superior deep cervical nodes
117
Infections typically spread through...
The path of least resistance
118
Maxillary teeth drainage
Can be contained in superficial space
119
Mandibular teeth drainage above the mylohyoid
Sublingual space, submandibular space, lateral pharyngeal, retro pharyngeal, danger space, mediastinum
120
Mandibular teeth drainage below the mylohyoid
Submandibular space, lateral pharyngeal, retro pharyngeal, danger space, mediastinum
121
Masticatory space drainage
Usually contained but can erode into lateral pharyngeal, retro pharyngeal, danger space, mediastinum
122
What provides motor innervation to most of the tongue musculature?
Hypoglossal nerve
123
What innervates the palatoglossus muscle?
Vagus nerve
124
What provides general sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Lingual nerve
125
What provides general sensory innervation to the posterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal
126
What provides general sensory innervation to the epiglottis/vallecula?
Vagus nerve
127
What provides taste innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Chorda tympani
128
What provides taste innervation to the posterior 2/3 of the tongue
Glossopharyngeal nerve
129
What provides innervation to the palate?
- Greater palatine nerve
- Lesser palatine nerve
130
Parotid gland location
Side of the face
131
Parotid gland delivers it's secretion into the oral cavity via
Parotid duct
132
The parotid duct pierces what muscle?
Buccinator muscle
133
Where does the parotid duct enter the oral cavity?
Vestibular gingiva adjacent to 2nd maxillary molars
134
Submandibular gland location
Wraps around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle
135
The submandibular gland enters it's secretions into the oral cavity via the...
Sumandibualr duct at the sublingual caruncle
136
Sublingual gland location
Sublingual region of oral cavity proper
137
Sublingual gland produces secretions into the oral cavity via...
Multiple short ducts in the floor of the oral cavity
138
The hypoglossal nerve and lingual nerve both course lateral to the...
Hyoglossus muscle in the sublingual region
139
Preganglionic fibers of the parotid gland
CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
140
Ganglion of the parotid gland
Otic gland
141
Post ganglionic fibers of the parotid gland
Auriculotemporal nerve
142
Preganglionic fibers of the submandibular and sublingual glands
Chorda tympani of the facial nerve, joins with the lingual nerve
143
Submandibular and sublingual glands ganglion
Submandibular ganglion
144
Postganglionic fibers of the submandibular and sublingual glands
Directly into submandibular gland or into the sublingual gland via the lingual nerve
145
Preganglionic fibers of the nasal, paranasal, oral/palatal, and pharyngeal mucosa
CN VII, greater petrosal nerve of the facial nerve
146
Ganglion of the nasal, paranasal, oral/palatal, and pharyngeal mucosa
Pterygopalatine ganglion
147
Post ganglionic of the nasal, paranasal, oral/palatal, and pharyngeal mucos
- Most of V2
- Lacrimal branch of V1
