Pre-Class Reading Assignment for TBL 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What structures do you have to remove to view the infratemporal region?
A
- Zygomatic arch
- Ramus of mandible
- Masseter muscle
- Temporalis muscle
2
Q
Borders of the inframtemporal region
A
- Posterior aspect of the maxilla
- External acoustic meatus
- Styloid process
- Lateral pterygoid plate
- Medial surface of the ramus
- Infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid
- Superior aspect of the body of the mandible
3
Q
What cranial openings are found within the infratemporal fossa?
A
- Foramen spinosum
- foramen ovale
- Pterygomaxillary fissure
- Mandibular foramen
4
Q
Structures within the infratemporal fossa
A
- Muscles of mastication
- Branches of the first two divisions of the maxillary artery
- Pterygoid plexus of veins
- Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
- Otic ganglion
- Chorda typani nerve
- Medial aspects of the TMJ and associated ligaments
5
Q
Pterygoid plexus of veins is the venous counterpart to the…
A
Branches of the maxillary artery
6
Q
Is the otic ganglion sympathetic or parasympathetic?
A
Parasympathetic ganglion
7
Q
What CN does the chord tympani nerve come from?
A
CN VII
8
Q
What ligaments are associated with the TMJ?
A
- Sphenomandibular ligament
- Stylomandibular ligaments
9
Q
What are the four muscles of mastication?
A
- Masseter
- Temporalis
- Lateral pterygoid muscle
- Medial pterygoid muscle
10
Q
Muscles of mastication receive motor innervation the the…
A
CN V3, mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
11
Q
Are the medial pterygoid muscle fibers vertical or horizontal?
A
Vertical
12
Q
Are the lateral pterygoid muscle fibers vertical or horizontal?
A
Horizontal
13
Q
Medial pterygoid muscle, superficial head origin
A
Maxillary tuberosity
Pyramidal process of the palatine
14
Q
Medial pterygoid muscle, deep head origin
A
Sphenoid
Pyramidal process of the palatine
15
Q
Medial pterygoid muscle insertion
A
Medial aspect of the ramus and angle of the mandible
16
Q
Medial pterygoid muscle action
A
- Elevation
- Protrusion
17
Q
What muscle is the medial pterygoid muscle parallel to?
A
Masseter
18
Q
Masseter insertion
A
Angle of the mandible
19
Q
Masseter action
A
Elevation
20
Q
Lateral pterygoid muscle, inferior head origin
A
Lateral pterygoid plate
21
Q
Lateral pterygoid muscle, superior head origin
A
Infratemporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid
22
Q
Lateral pterygoid muscle insertion
A
- Pterygoid fovea on the neck of the mandible
- Or directly onto articular disk of the TMJ
23
Q
Lateral pterygoid muscle actions
A
- Depression
- Protrusion
24
Q
CN V3 functional components
A
Motor and sensory fibers
25
CN V3 foramen?
Foramen ovale
26
What part of the cranial fossa is the foramen ovale in?
Middle cranial fossa
27
Overall, motor branches of V3 innervates what muscle group?
Muscles of mastication
28
What innervates the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
CN V3
29
Mylohyoid innervation
CN V3
30
Tensor tympani innervation
CN V3
31
Tensor veli palatini muscles innervation
CN V3
32
Inferior alveolar nerve passes through what foramen? Then what does it enter?
- Mandibular foramen
- Mandibular canal
33
Inferior alveolar nerve mediates sensation from the...
- Bone
- Gingiva
- Teeth of mandible
34
Inferior alveolar nerve motor branch is the...
Mylohyoid branch
35
Inferior alveolar nerve sensory branch is the...
Mental branch
36
Lingual nerve mediates general sensation from the...
Anterior 2/3 of tongue
37
Lingual nerve conveys tasts fibers from the...
Anterior 2/3 of tongue
38
Lingual nerve conveys pregnalgionic parasympathetic fibers from the...
Chorda tympani branch of CN VII
39
Chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve mediates...
Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
40
Auriculotemporal functional component
General sensory
41
Auriculotemporal nerve also conveys parasympathetic fibers from the...
Otic ganglion to the parotid gland
42
Parasympathetic input to the parotid gland is mediated by...
- CN IX
- Lesser petrosal branch
43
Where does the lesser petrosal branch enter the infratemporal fossa?
Foramen ovale
44
Two terminal branches of external carotid artery
- Maxillary arteries
- Superficial temporal artery
45
Maxillary artery branches
- Inferior alveolar artery
46
What do branches of the maxillary artery supply?
- Supply the tympanic region
- Supply meninges/cranial cavity
- Muscles of mastication
- Temporal and buccal regions
47
Articulation between the mandible and skull
TMJ
48
Joint capsule
Thin loose ligament that encloses the joint capsule
49
Temporomandibular ligament
Joint capsule and ligaments
50
Temporomandibular ligament function
Protect joint from posterior dislocation
51
Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligament functions
Weaker, protect joint from excessive range of motion
52
Sphenomandibular ligament
- Flat broad band
- Goes between the spine of the sphenoid and the lingual of the mandible
53
What does the sphenomandibular ligament course near to?
Inferior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein as they enter the mandibular foramen
54
Stylomandibular ligament
- Posterior boundary
- Styloid process to the angle of the mandible
55
Rotational/hinge like movements of the mandible are executed in the...
Inferior synovial cavity
56
Gliding movements occur in the
Superior synovial cavity
57
Translation of the mandible
- Mandible sits in the mandibular fossa when closed
- Must glide anteriorly onto the articular eminence for the jaw to open
58
Nasal cavity location
Midline between orbits and maxillary sinuses
59
Nasal cavity function
- Warm and humidify air on its way to respiratory tract
60
Superior aspect of the nasal cavity function? What is it called?
- Sensing odorant molecules in the passing of air
- Olfactory epithelium
61
What nerve innervates the olfactory epithelium?
CN I
62
Support of the nasal septum
- Posterior: Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
- Superiorly: Vomer
63
Anterior part of the nasal septum is made of...
Septal cartilage
64
What covers the surface of the septum?
Nasal mucosa
65
The nasal mucosa is vascularized by ..
Branches of the maxillary, ophthalmic, and facial arteries
66
What is the nasal mucosa innervated by
- CN V1
- CN V2
- Superior aspects by CN I
67
Conchae on lateral wall purposes
Humidify air, warm air, and increase surface area
68
Meati on lateral wall purpose
Contains openings/ostia for communication with adjacent structures
69
Where is the spheno-ethmoidal recess located?
Above superior nasal concha
70
Inferior meatus contains the opening to...
The nasolacrimal duct
71
Nasolacrimal duct function
Where tear fluid produced by the lacrimal gland drains from the medial part of the eye
72
Middle meatus contains...
- Elevation
- Ethmoidal bulla, raised by the middle ethmoidal sinuses
73
Hiatus semilunaris
- Expands in several directions to maintain openings with the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and anterior ethmoidal sinus
74
Through what does the hiatus semilunaris maintain contact with the frontal sinus?
Frontonasal duct
75
The superior meatus contains...
Small openings for posterior ethmoidal sinuses
76
Sphenoethmoidal recess contains...
Ostium for sphenoid sinus
77
Sinus infection/sinusitis
Can be caused by the occluded openings in the nasal wall, then they can't drain
78
Frontal sinus location
Frontal bone, superior to nasal cavity and orbit
79
Ethmoidal sinus
Ethmoid bone, medial to orbits
80
Sphenoidal sinus
Midline, nasal cavity in the body of sphenoid
81
Infraorbital nerve goes through what sinus?
Maxillary sinus
82
What branches come from the infraorbital nerve?
Anterior, middle, and superior alveolar nerves
83
Where do the anterior, middle, and superior alveolar nerves go to?
Down the walls of the sinus to the maxillary teeth
84
What do the anterior, middle, and superior alveolar nerves mediate sensation to
Maxillary teeth
85
What is the most difficult paranasal sinus to drain? Why?
- Maxillary
- Opening to this is located in the superiorly aspect
86
Pterygopalatine fossa borders
- Maxilla
- Palatine
- Sphenoid bone
87
Major contents of the pterygopalatine fossa include
- 3rd portion of the maxillary artery and branches
- Maxillary division, CN V2
- Branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion
88
Is the pterygopalatine ganglion parasympathetic or sympathetic?
Parasympathetic
89
What foramen does the CN V2 go through? Where is it going?
- Foramen rotundum
- Pterygopalatine fossa
90
What does CN V2 give rise into what branches in the pterygopalatine fossa?
- Posterior superior alveolar nerve
- Infraorbital nerve
- Middle superior alveolar nerve
- Anterior superior alveolar nerve
- Greater lesser palatine nerves
- Sphenopalatine nerve
91
Where does the middle superior alveolar nerve branch from?
Infraorbital nerve within the maxillary sinus
92
Where does the anterior superior alveolar nerve branch from?
Infraorbital nerve within the maxillary sinus
93
The 3rd division of the maxillary artery goes into the infratemporal fossa through the...
Pterygomaxillary fissure
