Pre-Class Reading Assignment for TBL 1 Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
Cranial nerves are part of the CNS or PNS?
A
PNS
2
Q
Most of the cranial nerves emerge from where on the brainstem?
A
Ventral aspect
3
Q
What are functional components?
A
General sensory, special sensory, visceral sensory, general motor, visceral motor
4
Q
What are fiber components
A
Sensory only, motor only, mixed nerves
5
Q
What are the three organization locations of the brainstem?
A
Midbrain, pons, and medulla
6
Q
CN I, olfactory nerve functional components
A
Special sensory
7
Q
CN II, optic nerve functional components
A
Special sensory
8
Q
CN III, oculomotor nerve functional components
A
General motor and visceral motor
9
Q
CN IV, trochlear nerve functional components
A
General motor
10
Q
CN V, trigeminal nerve functional components
A
General sensory and general motor
11
Q
CN VI, abducens nerve functional components
A
General motor
12
Q
CN VII, facial nerve functional components
A
- General sensory
- Special sensory
- General motor
- Visceral motor
13
Q
CN VIII, vestibulocochlear nerve functional components
A
Special sensory
14
Q
CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve functional components
A
- General somatic
- Special sensory
- Visceral sensory
- General motor
- Visceral motor
15
Q
CN X, vagus nerve functional components
A
- General sensory
- Special sensory
- Visceral sensory
- General motor
- Visceral motor
16
Q
CN XI, accessory nerve functional components
A
General motor
17
Q
CN XII, hypoglossal nerve functional components
A
General motor
18
Q
Nerves with fiber components of sensory only
A
- CN I, olfactory nerve
- CN II, Optic nerve
- CN VIII, vestibulocochlear nerve
19
Q
Nerves with fiber components of motor only
A
- CN III, oculomotor nerve
- CN IV, trochlear nerve
- CN VI, abducens nerve
- CN XI, accessory nerve
- CN XII, hypoglossal nerve
20
Q
Nerves with fiber components of mixed nerves
A
- CN V, trigeminal nerve
- CN VII, facial nerve
- CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
- CN x, vagus nerve
21
Q
Nerves that originate from the midbrain
A
- CN III, oculomotor nerve
- CN IV, trochlear nerve
22
Q
Nerves that originate from the pons
A
- CN V, trigeminal nerve
- CN VI, abducens nerve
- CN VII, facial nerve
- CN VIII, vestibulocochlear nerve
23
Q
Nerves that originate from the medulla
A
- CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
- CN x, vagus nerve
- CN XI, accessory nerve
- CN XII, hypoglossal nerve
24
Q
What is the demarcation between the anterior and posterior cervical triangles?
A
SCM
25
What forms the posterior edge of the posterior cervical triangle?
Trapezius muscle
26
What are the borders of the anterior cervical triangle?
- Body of the mandible
- SCM
27
What does the hyoid bone do?
- Forms a base for the tongue
- Suspends the larynx
28
Does the hyoid bone articulate with any other bone?
No
29
How is the hyoid bone suspended?
Only by musculature and ligaments
30
Laryngeal prominence
- Thyroid cartilage comes to a point
- Adam's apple
31
Cricothyroid membrane importance
- Safe area to form emergency tracheostomy
- To relieve a potentially fatal airway blockage
32
Platysma muscle
- Superficial muscle
- Contributes to facial expression
33
Platysma muscle origin?
Lower margin of the mandible
34
Platysma muscle insertion?
Skin of the neck
35
What artery goes through the submandibular gland?
Facial artery
36
What forms the floor of the mouth?
- Mylohyoid muscle
- Mandible
- Digastric muscle
37
The submandibular glands wraps around what muscle?
Mylohyoid muscle
38
What is enclosed in the carotid sheath?
- Vagus nerve
- Common carotid artery
- Internal jugular vein
39
Ansa cervicales
Loop of nerve that come from the cervical plexus
40
The ansa cervicales innervates...
- Motor innervation to infra hyoid muscles
41
What infra hyoid muscle is not innervated by the ansa cervicales?
Thyrohyoid muscle
42
The root of the ansa cervicales "piggybacks" what nerve?
Hypoglossal nerve
43
What are the borders of the posterior cervical triangle?
- SCM
- Trapezius muscle
- Clavicle
44
Trapezius origin?
Superior nuchal lines and external occipital protuberance
45
Trapezius insertion?
- Scapula
- Clavicle
46
Trapezius action?
Elevate shoulder
47
SCM origin?
- Sternum
- Clavicle
48
Muscles in the posterior cervical triangle?
- SCM
- Trapezius
- Inferior belly of the omohyoid
- Splenius
- Levator scapulae
- Scalene muscles
48
SCM insertion?
- Mastoid process of the temporal
49
What plexus can be seen in the posterior cervical triangle?
Brachial plexus
50
The accessory nerve (CN XI) innervates which muscles?
- Trapezius
- SCM
51
What are some of the branches of the cervical plexus to mediate sensation in the head and neck?
- Transverse cervical nerve
- Great auricular nerve
- Lesser occipital nerve
- Supraclavicular nerves
52
What are the important visceral structures in the root of the neck?
- Thyroid and parathyroid glands
- Trachea
- Esophagus
53
Muscles that are in the root of the neck include...
- Splenius captious muscle
- Levator scapulae muscle
- Scalene muscles
- Prevertebral muscles
54
Interscalene triangle
Between middle and anterior scalene muscle
55
Important nervous structures found in the root of the neck include...
- Vagus nerve
- Phrenic nerve
- Sympathetic chain w/cervical ganglia
- Parts of the brachial plexus
56
Where do the recurrent laryngeal branches come from?
Vagus nerve
57
What structure does the right laryngeal nerve loop around?
Right subclavian artery
58
What structure does the left laryngeal nerve loop around?
Goes inferiorly to loop around the aortic arch
59
What nerve innervates the anterior scalene muscle?
Phrenic nerve
60
Sympathetic trunk is located...
- Behind carotid sheath
- Anterior surface of the vertebrae
61
What is in the cervical sympathetic ganglia
Cell bodies of sympathetic neurons
62
Muscles of facial expression insert into...
Skin
63
Facial nerve provides motor innervation to...
Muscles of facial expression
64
Bell's palsy
Result to damage to the facial nerve
65
The trigeminal nerve mediates...
General sensory cutaneous innervation to the face
66
CN V1
Ophthalmic division
67
CN V1 foramen
Supraorbital foramen
68
What nerve comes from the ophthalmic division of CN V1?
Supraorbital nerve
69
What does the supraorbital nerve innervate, generally speaking?
Skin of the forehead and scalp
70
What nerve comes from maxillary division of CN V2?
Infraorbital nerve
71
CN V2
Maxillary division
72
CN V2 foramen?
Infraorbital foramen
73
What does the infraorbital nerve innervate, generally speaking?
Skin of the upper lip and cheek
74
What nerves comes from the mandibular division of CN V3?
- Mental nerve
- Long buccal nerve
75
CN V3
Mandibular division
76
What does the mental nerve innervate, generally speaking?
Skin of the lower lip, chin, and jaw
77
What foramen does the CN V3 go through?
Mental foramen
78
Is the long buccal nerve sensory or motor?
Sensory branches
79
What would damage to the CNV cause?
Numbness in the affected areas of the face without affecting movement
80
CNV
Long buccal nerve
81
Do some branches of the mandibular division convey motor fibers?
- Yes
- Specifically those who supply muscles for mastication
82
What is the largest muscle of mastication?
Temporalis muscle
83
What is the largest salivary gland?
Parotid gland
84
What structure does the parotid gland wrap around?
Posterior border of the ramus of the mandible
85
Parotid duct goes through what muscle?
Buccinator muscle
86
Where does the parotid duct enter the oral cavity?
Opposite to the second maxillary molar
87
What foramen does the facial nerve go through?
Stylomastoid foramen
88
What nerve goes through the parotid gland?
Facial nerve
89
What does external carotid artery divides into at the bed of the parotid gland
- Superficial temporal artery
- Maxillary artery
90
What artery does the transverse facial artery come from?
Superficial temporal artery
91
Where does the maxillary artery come from?
External carotid artery
92
What forms the retromandibular vein?
- Maxillary veins
- Superficial temporal vein
93
What does the retromandibular vein drains into?
External jugular vein
94
What are the four muscles of mastication?
- Masseter
- Temporalis muscle
- Medial pterygoid muscle
- Lateral pterygoid muscle
95
Masseter origin?
Zygomatic arch
96
Masseter insertion?
- Lateral aspect of the coronoid process
- Ramus of the mandible
97
Masseter action?
Elevate mandible
98
Masseter innervation?
Masseteric nerve from the CN V3
99
Temporalis muscle origin
- Temporal fossa
- Temporal lines
100
Temporalis insertion?
Coronoid process of the mandible
101
Temporalis action?
Elevate mandible, retract mandible
102
Temporalis innervation?
Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves
