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Female genital system Flashcards

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1
Q

Bartholin cyst is

A

Posterior Lateral, unilateral, painful cystic lesion at the lower vestibule

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2
Q

Lichen sclerosis is characterized by

A

Thinning of the epidermis and fibrosis (sclerosis) of the dermis

White patchs with parchment-like vulvar skin

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3
Q

Lichen Sclerosis simply is

A

Atrophy and granuloma of vulva

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4
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus is characterized by

A

Hyperplasia of vulvar squamous epithelium

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5
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus presents as

A

Leukoplakia with thick, leathery vulvar skin

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6
Q

Extramammary Paget disease characterized by

A

Malignant epithelial cells in the epidermis of the vulva

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7
Q

Extramammary Paget disease presents as

A

Erythematous, pruritis, ulcerated vulvar skin

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8
Q

Paget cells are

A

PAS+

Keratin+

S100-

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9
Q

Melanoma is

A

PAS-

Keratin-

S100+

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10
Q

Adenosis of Vagina is

A

Focal persistence of columnar epithelium in the upper 1/3 of the vagina

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11
Q

What increases the risk of Adenosis

A

Exposure to DES in utero

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12
Q

Clear cell adenocarcinoma is

A

Malignant proliferation of glands with clear cytoplasm

Complication of DES-associated vaginal adenosis

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13
Q

Cancer from lower 2/3 of vagina goes into

A

Inguinal Node

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14
Q

Cancer from upper 1/3 of vagina goes to

A

Iliac Node

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15
Q

CIN 1 involves

A

Less than 1/3 of the thickness of the epithelium

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16
Q

CIN 2 involves

A

less than 2/3 of the thickness of the epithelium

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17
Q

CIN 3 involves

A

Slightly less than the entire thickness of epithelium

Unlikely to reverse

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18
Q

Late complications of Cerivical carcinoma

A

Invade through the anterior uterine wall into the bladder blocking the ureter

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19
Q

High grade dysplasia in cervical carcinoma is characterized by cells with

A

Hyperchromatic (dark) nuclei and high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios

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20
Q

Growth of the endometrium is driven by

A

Estrogen

(Proliferative phase)

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21
Q

Preparation of the endometrium for implantation is driven by

Study These Flashcards
A

Progesteron

(secretory phase)

22
Q

Asherman syndrome is a loss of

23
Q

Endometrial Polyps arise as a side effect of

24
Q

Endometriosis is

Study These Flashcards
A

Endometrail glands and stroma ouside of the uterine endometrial lining

25
Location of endometeriosis
Ovary: **chocolate cyst** Uterine ligament: **pelvic pain** Pouch of Douglas: **pain with defecation**
26
Adenomyosis is
Endometeriosis that involves uterine myometrium
27
Psammoma bodies found in
Thyroid papillary Meningioma Papillary serous carcinoma (endometrium) Mesothelioma
28
LH:FSH in PCOD
greater than 2 because you have a great increase in LH and decrease in FSH
29
Surface epithelial ovarian tumor marker
CA-125
30
Surface epithelial ovarian tumors derived from
Coelomic epithelium
31
What mutation increases risk of serous carcinoma of ovary and fallopian tube
BRCA1
32
Endometriod surface epithelial ovary tumors arise from
Endometriosis
33
Germ cell Ovarian tumor subtypes
1. Teratoma (Fetal tissue) 2. Embryonal carcinoma (Fetal tissue) 3. Dysgerminoma (Oocytes) 4. Endodermal sinus tumor (Yolk sac) 5. Choriocarcinoma (Placental)
34
Struma ovarii is
A tertoma composed primary of Thyroid tissue
35
What is elevated in Dysgerminoma
Serum LDH
36
What is elevated in Endodermal sinus tumor (**yolk sac tumor**)
AFP
37
Schiller-Duval bodies are
Glomerulus-like strucutures seen in Endodermal Sinus tumor histology
38
What does choriocarcinoma look like
Small, hemorrhagic tumor with early hematogenous spread
39
What is raised in Choriocarcinoma
β-hCG
40
Reinke Crystals seen in
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
41
Meigs syndrome is
Fibroma, Pleural effusion, and Ascites
42
Pseudomyxoma peritonei is
Massive amounts of mucus in the peritoneum
43
Pseudomyxoma peritonei is due to
a mucinous tumor of appendix
44
Placenta previa (implantation of placenta in lower uterine segment) presents as
Third trimester bleeding
45
Placenta accreta is
Improper implantation of placenta into the myometrium
46
Cocaine as a teratogen causes
Intrauterine growth retardation Placenta abruption
47
What teratogen causes limb defects
Thalidomide
48
What teratogen causes spontaneous abortions and hearing/visual impairment
Isotretinoin
49
HELLP is
Preeclampsia with thrombotic microangiopathy
50
HELLP stands for
**H**emolysis **E**levated **L**iver enzymes **L**ow **P**latelets

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