First aid Flashcards

Question

What urinary system parameters need to be assessed?

Answer 1

Any obstructions | Size of bladder

Answer 2

When patient is unstable and needs to go straight to vet, gets taken later

Answer 3

``` Age Sex and neuter status Breed Last seen normal Last eaten, drank Last urinated Vomiting or diarrhoea Coughing Toxins or trauma Static or progressive condition Other conditions ```

Answer 4

Identify problems that could rapidly become life threatening

Answer 5

``` Nose Mouth Eyes Ears Thorax Abdomen Limbs and tail ```

Answer 6

``` Keep calm and quiet Keep comfortable Allow toileting Managing dressings and catheters Monitoring parameters Feeding ```

Answer 7

``` Pulse MM Respiration Temperature Demeanour Every 15 minutes Body weight every 12 hours Also consider urine output, BP, ECG, CVP, blood gases where appropriate ```

Answer 8

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | Basic life support to keep blood and oxygen circulating

Answer 9

``` Gasping, laboured breathing Lack of or weak heart beat Rapid pulses Unconsciousness Fixed dilated pupils and lack of reflex ```

Answer 10

``` Record time Call for help Assign roles Start compressions Secure airway and give oxygen Monitor Place IV catheter Connect ECG ```

Answer 11

``` Cardiac compressor, swapped every minute Ventilation provider Recorder Medicating and placing catheters Monitoring for pulse and repsiration ```

Answer 12

1/2-2/3 width of thorax 100-120 per minute Place ideally in lateral recumbency Cats and small dogs- compress over heart using whole hand around chest Large dogs- compress widest part of thorax

Answer 13

Secure airway with ET tube Inflate lungs to normal rise and fall 20 breaths per minute Can use capnograph to measure CO2

Answer 14

``` Ambubag Anaesthetic machines and circuits ET tubes, face masks and laryngoscope IV catheters Recording sheet and pen ECG and capnograph ```

Answer 15

Alert- normal mentation but cant walk or move Depressed- quiet but responds to noise Obtunded- respond to pain Unconscious- non-responsive, has heart beat and respiration

Answer 16

Alert- fractures and spinal problems Depressed- shock Obtunded- severe shock, metabolic disease, neurological disease Unconscious- severe shock, neurological disease

Answer 17

Positioned to keep airway open and clear Lateral recumbency with head slightly tilted upwards, mouth open and tongue pulled out behind canine Check no airway blockages

Answer 18

``` ET tube, laryngoscope Conforming bandage Oxygen supply Mouth gag/vet wrap ECG, BP monitor, capnograph ```

Answer 19

``` Proptosis- forward globe displacement Foreign body Corneal scratch or ulcer Glaucoma- increased pressure in globe Hypaemia- bleeding into anterior eye chamber Sudden onset blindness ```

Answer 20

Collar to prevent self trauma Analgesia Keep eye moist Keep quiet in dimly lit kennel

Answer 21

Epistasis- bleeding from nostrils | Foreign body

Answer 22

``` Keep calm Elevate nose Cold compress Plug with absorbent dressing Monitor for hypovolaemia ```

Answer 23

Examine nose | Flush under anaesthesia making sure patient is in sternal recumbency with rostral end tilted down

Answer 24

``` Surgical swabs Dressings Anaesthesia Otoscope Laryngoscope Syringe Saline ```

Answer 25

Acute state of circulatory collapse so circulation cant provide enough oxygen to tissues

Answer 26

Hypovolaemic Obstructive Distributive Cardiogenic

Answer 27

Loss of blood volume so reduced volume circulating

Answer 28

Heart not pumping properly

Answer 29

Septic, toxic, anaphylactic or neurogenic shock | Loss of peripheral resistance so blood pools in small vessels and less is circulating

Answer 30

Obstruction prevents heart beating properly or prevents proper blood flow

Answer 31

Pericardial effusion- sac around heart fills with fluid preventing pumping Pulmonary thromboembolism- clot in lung prevents movement of blood Gastric dilation and twisting- blocks blood returning to the heart

Answer 32

``` Lethargy Vomiting Diarrhoea Bleeding Swollen abdomen Abnormal heartbeat Weak or bounding pulse Red, pale or blue MM Slow CRT ```

Answer 33

Close monitoring Oxygen provision Slow warming Calm environment Hypovolaemic- IV fluids and stop haemorrhage Distributive- find underlying cause, IV fluids

Answer 34

Blood pressure Heart beat Urine output indicates blood volume Blood lactate and oxygen level

Answer 35

``` Acute congestive heart failure Pericardial effusion Aortic thromboembolism Arrhythmias Stop heart beating effectively ```

Answer 36

``` Oxygen IV catheter ECG Analgesia Butterfly catheter Ultrasound Pericardial or pleural tap preperation 3 way tap ```

Answer 37

Aural haematoma Foreign body Infection

Answer 38

Head collar | Otoscope

Answer 39

``` Hyperthermia Hypothermia Electrocution Smoke inhalation Burns ```

Answer 40

Excess exercise Hot day Seizure Prone to Brachycephalics

Answer 41

Cool to 39.5 as continues to cool after that point | Dont wet as insulates

Answer 42

``` Shock Disease Cold weather Anaesthesia Cats and young prone ```

Answer 43

Fluids warmed to body temperature Bear hugger under anaesthesia Bubble wrap

Answer 44

Pulmonary oedema | Burns

Answer 45

Pulmonary oedema | Low oxygen exchange

Answer 46

``` Chemical Heat Sun Cold Electrocution ```

Answer 47

``` Look at body % covered Treat shock Run under cold water for 15 minutes Analgesia Keep clean ```

Answer 48

Haemorrhage, internal or external Wounds Fractures

Answer 49

Incisions- sharp cut Contusion- bruise Abrasions- not full thickness Laceration- cut by dirty object

Answer 50

``` Stop external bleeding Cover wounds while stabilising Analgesia Clip, clean, flush, suture and dress wounds Limit movement of fractures ```

Answer 51

Hypoglaecemia- weakness, collapse, coma, seizures Hyperkalaemia- high K+, bradycardia, asystole Hypocalcaemia- panting, tremoring Hypoadrenocorticism- uncontrolled BP, collapse, vomiting, bradycardia Diabetic ketoacidosis- weight loss, collapse, high urination

Answer 52

``` Lactating? Urination? Diabetes? Polydipsic prior to collapse? Vomiting or diarrhoea? Pale MM? Long CRT? ```

Answer 53

Urethral obstruction- inability to urinate so waste builds up Uroabdomen- waste build up as urine leaks into abdomen Acute renal failure- infection, medication, blood clots

Answer 54

History of drinking and urination or any trauma Aware of pain IV catheter to dilute waste Analgesia Monitor urine output, catheters and imaging

Answer 55

IV fluids Urinary catheter Suturing material

Answer 56

``` What How much How long ago Body weight Symptoms Make sure owner safe Bring packet ```

Answer 57

Identify toxin and amount Prevent further absorbiton Treat developing signs Give antidote or treatment

Answer 58

Induced emesis Dermal decontamination Ocular decontamination

Answer 59

Should- 1-3 hours after ingestion | Shouldnt- acidic substance, cardiac or laryngeal disease, seizing, cant vomit, depressed

Answer 60

Increases absorbtion

Answer 61

Obstruction Vomiting Diarrhoea Gastric dilation volvulus

Answer 62

``` Ingestion history Unproductive retching Restless Salivating Hard bloated abdomen Vomiting, diarrhoea ```

Answer 63

``` PPE in case infectious ABCs Catheterise Prepare stomach tube Check for hypothermia and hypoglaecemia ```

Answer 64

``` Dystocia Neonatal resuscitation Paediatric emergencies Pyometra Paraphimosis (foreskin stuck behind tip of penis) ```

Answer 65

``` Hunched over Hiding Coughing Open mouth breathing Blue gums Foam at mouth ```

Answer 66

``` Coughing Exercise intolerance High RR Panting Restless Stretched neck Cant lay on side Abdominal breathing Blue gums ```

Answer 67

Secure airway Supplement oxygen Limit movement Maintain temperature

Answer 68

``` Head trauma Seizure Spinal cord disease Loss of sensation Vestibular disease ```

Answer 69

Long lasting seizures

Answer 70

Limit movement ABCs Immobilise spine when needed Head trauma- elevate head to 30 degrees to reduce brain pressure Check temperature, toxin exposure or if hypoglycaemic

Answer 71

Raisins Chocolate Onion Grapes

Answer 72

``` Lilys Paracetamol Raisins Onions Chocolate Grapes ```

First aid Flashcards

(96 cards)