fx de humero proximal Flashcards

1
Q

cantidad de centros de osificacion secundarios

A

3

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2
Q

estructuras vasculares

A

arteria circunfleja anterior y posterior - arteria axilar y subclavia

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3
Q

estructuras nerviosas

A

axilar
c5-c6

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4
Q

distancia entre nervio axilar y acromion

A

5.4-6.2 cm

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5
Q

porcentaje que es de todas las fx

A

6%

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6
Q

sexo mas comun

A

mujeres 2:1

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7
Q

mecnaismo de lesion mas comun

A

indirecto

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8
Q

mecanismo de lesion indirecto

A

> 65 años por caida de propia altura

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9
Q

mecanismo de lesion directo

A

jovenes por lesiones de alta energia

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10
Q

clasificaciones

A

OA
Neer

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11
Q

clasificacion de NEER

A

Fragmentos desplazados 4
desplazadas: separacion >1 cm o angulacion 45°
Posibles fragmentos desplazados: cabeza, tuberosidad mayor o menor y diafisis

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12
Q

CC

A

equimosis de Henneguin (lateral del torax)
dolor profundo en hombro
aumento de volumen
limitacion de movimiento
deformidad*
hematoma en cara medial del brazo

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13
Q

lesiones asociadas

A

lesion del manguito rotador 50%
lesion neurologica: axilar o supraecapular 48%

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14
Q

lesion asociada mas comun

A

lesion neurologica (67%) del axilar 58%

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15
Q

indicaciones de la rx

A

AP y lateral de hombro
lateral de escapula y axila

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16
Q

utilidad del TAC

A

identificar mejor los trazos
conmnucion
angulacion
3D

17
Q

indicaciones de tx conservador

A

fx estables
no desplazadas
baja demanda funcional
riesgo qx

18
Q

tx conservador

A

cabestrillo x 1 mes

19
Q

tx qx

A

Fijacion: clavos percutaneos, placas o clavos intramedulares
Reduccion abierta o cerrada
Artroplastia

20
Q

indicaciones de tx qx

A

fx inestables
alta demanda funcional
Desplazada

21
Q

complicaciones

A

necrosis avascular
pseudoartrosis
colapso de la cabeza humeral
infeccion
disfucnion del nervio axilar