Gastointestinal Drugs

Question 1

[Antacid]

Causes belching, metabolic alkalosis, fluid retention

Answer 1

sodium bicarbonate

Question 2

[Antacid]

causes hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, metabolic alkalosis (milk alkali syndrome)

Answer 2

Calcium carbonate

Question 3

Antacids impairs absorption of these compounds thus it should not be given within 2 hours with this drug

Answer 3

1. Fluoroquinolones
2. Itraconazole
3. Iron
4. Tetracycline

Question 4

[Maalox]

Between magnesium and aluminum, which causes diarrhea?

Answer 4

magnesium

Magtatae ka

Question 5

[Maalox]

Between magnesium and aluminum, which causes constipation?

Answer 5

Aluminum

Question 6

H2 receptor antagonist that can cause gynecomastia

Answer 6

Cimetidine

Question 7

H2 receptor antagonist that is highly effective in suppressing nocturnal acid secretion

Answer 7

Cimetidine

can be used for pregnant patients

Question 8

What is the drug of choice for PUD?

Answer 8

PPI

Question 9

What is the MA of omeprazole?

Answer 9

inhibit HK ATPase

Question 10

PPIs cause malabsorption of what vitamins and minerals?

Answer 10

1. B12
2. Ca
3. Fe
4. Zn

Question 11

Intake of PPIs affect the bioavailability of these drugs

Answer 11

1. Ketoconazole
2. Ampicillin
3. Ferrous salts
4. Digoxin

Question 12

[PPI]

Use with caution in hepatically -mpaired patients

Answer 12

1. Pantoprazole
2. Esomeprazole
3. Omeprazole

Question 13

[PPI]

Use with caution in renally-impaired patients

Answer 13

1. Omeprazole

2. Pantoprazole

Question 14

[PPI]

Among all PPIs which has the least drug-drug interaction

Answer 14

Pantoprazole

Question 15

Prostaglandin 1 analogue that is useful in preventing NSAID-induced gastric mucosal injury

Answer 15

Misoprostol

Question 16

Mucosal protective agent that both coats the ulcerated tissue + antimicrobial effect + sequesters enterotoxin

Answer 16

Bismuth salicylate

Question 17

[mucosal protective agent]

Causes darkening of tongue, ataxia, headaches, confusion, seizures

Answer 17

bismuth salicylate

Question 18

What are the components of Quadruple Therapy for eradication of H. pylori?

Answer 18

TOMB

Tetracyclin, Omeprazole, Metronidazole, Bismuth Salicylate

Question 19

What are the components of Bismuth Therapy for eradication of H. pylori?

Answer 19

BMT

Bismuth salicylate
Metronidazole
Tetracycline

Question 20

___ are prokinetic agent that block D2 receptors

Answer 20

1. Metoclopramide

2. Domperidone

Question 21

____ is a macrolide that stimulates motilin receptors

Answer 21

Erythromycin

Question 22

What is the drug of choice for diabetic gastroparesis

Answer 22

Metoclopramide

Question 23

A prokinetic drug that does not cross the BBB (less toxic)

Answer 23

Domperidone

Question 24

Antibiotic given as bowel preparation prior to surgery since it binds to the motilin receptor

Answer 24

erythromycin

Question 25

[laxatives] bulk forming, indigestible, hydrophillic colloids that absorb water tx: constipation

Answer 25

psyllium Methylcellulose, polycarbophil, maltodextrin

Question 26

[laxatives] stool softener, permits water and lipids to penetrate tx: constipation

Answer 26

Mineral oil, docusuate, glycerine suppository

Question 27

[laxatives] osmotic, soluble but not absorbable compounds resulting to increased stoll liquidity

Answer 27

lactulose

Question 28

mainstay treatment for hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 28

lactulose

Question 29

lactulose cause these electrolyte imbalance

Answer 29

1. Hyperphosphatemia 2. Hypernatremia 3. Hypermagnesemia 4. Hypocalcemia 5. Hypokalemia

Question 30

[laxatives] stimulan/cathartic that directly stimulate enteric NS and colonic electrolyte

Answer 30

bisacodyl

Question 31

Benign colonic disorder wherein a brown lipofuscin pigment accumulates due to intake of Senna

Answer 31

melanosis coli

Question 32

[Antidiarrheal agent] activates opioid receptors in the enteric NS, slows motility of GIT

Answer 32

Diphenoxylate, loperamide, difenoxin

Question 33

This antidiarrheal agent can cause paralytic ileus if given to children less than 4 years of age

Answer 33

Diphenoxylate

Question 34

Loperamide-induced paralytic ileus can be reversed by this drug

Answer 34

Bethanechol

Question 35

What is the principal metabolite of diphenoxylate

Answer 35

difenoxin

Question 36

Anti emetic drug that acts antagonizes the 5HT3 receptor

Answer 36

Ondansetron

Question 37

[Drugs used in IBD] An immunomodulator used only for mild controlled cases

Answer 37

Mesalamine, Sulfasalazine

Question 38

Cite examples of TNF antagonist

Answer 38

1. Adalinumab 2. Certolizumab 3. Infliximab