Gastroenterology

Question 1

E coli, colstridium, bactericides are _____ ____ in the large intestine

Answer 1

normal flora

Question 2

H pyori and viral cause _________, which is inflammation of the stomach. _______ and abdominal pain are most common symptoms.

Answer 2

gastroenteritis

Question 3

peptic ulcer disease refers to a disruption of the mucosal integrity of the ________, ________ or both. Mostly caused by ___________

Answer 3

stomach and duodenum

H pylori

Question 4

gnawing epigastric pain relieved by food or liquid intake is classic symptom of ____________

Answer 4

PUD

Question 5

triple therapy (2 antibiotics and PPI) or quadruple therapy (bismuth) are used to treat _________

Answer 5

PUD

Question 6

infection of the gallbladder is usually from the _________ group (68%)

Answer 6

enterobacter (gram negative)

Question 7

acute cholecystitis is inflammation of the _______. Usually caused by obstruction of the _____ _____ (stone)

Answer 7

gallbladder

bile duct

Question 8

Fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, RUQ is class of __________. Treat with _______ and surgical consult

Answer 8

acute cholecystitis

antibiotics

Question 9

viral, ______, HSV causes hepatitis is A, B, C.

Answer 9

mono

Question 10

hepatocellular damage and inflammation of the liver is ___________. The etiology is usually ______, but can be caused by alcohol also. Hepatitis A and E are spread _____ - ______, from water or hands.

Answer 10

hepatitis
viral
feca-oral

Question 11

Hepatitis B, C, D, are transmitted ________ (sexual contact, IV use, et)

Answer 11

parenterally or mucous membrane

Question 12

fatigue, malaise, nausea and ________ are indicative of hepatitis. Avoid alcohol and hepatotoxins. Vaccinate A & B

Answer 12

jaundice

Question 13

enterobacter, bacteroides, enterocci cause ________ abscess. This is a pus-filled _____ in the liver

Answer 13

hepatic abscess

cavity

Question 14

Hepatic abscess is caused by a ___________, infection of the GI

Answer 14

biliary tract source

Question 15

hepatic abcess will present like _______, with malaise, fever, chills, anorexia. Later, they will develop more jaundice, diarrhea. Use ultrasound.

Answer 15

hepatitis

Question 16

treat hepatic abscess with __________ and surgery

Answer 16

IV antibiotics

Question 17

liver tests measure liver injury: _____, ____, and ________. They also measure liver function, with ______, -, and _______

Answer 17

AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase
albumin (protein synthesis)
serum glucose (gluconeogenesis)
total bilirubin (excretory function)

Question 18

biliary tract disease is the most common cause of _______, in addition to heavy _____ use

Answer 18

acute pancreatitis

alcohol

Question 19

upper abdominal pain to back and flank, nausea, and fever, and class symptoms of ________, which is characterized by sudden swelling and inflammation.

Answer 19

acute pancreatitis

Question 20

treat acute pancreatitis with ________, fluids, nutrition, and IV ______

Answer 20

antibiotics

analgesia

Question 21

luminal obstruction and lack of venous outflow results in ______, causes perforation, and _____.

Answer 21

ischemia

perionitis

Question 22

enterobacteria, ________, and ________ are typical for appendicitis

Answer 22

bacteroides

enterococci

Question 23

classic history for appendicitis includes __________, abdominal pain (periumbilical and migrates to RLQ), and finally _______ and _________ (“rebound tenderness”)

Answer 23

anorexia

nausea and vomiting

Question 24

inflamed and infected out pouching of the colon results in _________. Pt will present with _____ pain, tenderness, fever.

Answer 24

diverticulitis

LLQ

Question 25

treat _______ with antibiotics, bed rest, and analgesics

Answer 25

diverticulitis

Question 26

diarrhea is defined by 3 or more liquid/semisolid stools for at least __________ days

Answer 26

2-3 days

Question 27

large volume of diarrhea without inflammation is __________ diarrhea (laxative, pancreatic insufficiency)

Answer 27

secretory

Question 28

bloody diarrhea with fever is __________ diarrhea

Answer 28

inflammatory

Question 29

inflammatory diarrhea indicates _______ ______ or IBS

Answer 29

invasive organisms

Question 30

antibiotic-associated diarrhea is usually caused by ______ ______

Answer 30

clostridium difficile

Question 31

infectious diarrhea can viral (rorovirus, norwalk, and ______

Answer 31

rotavirus

Question 32

infectious diarrhea can be parasitic: helminth, ______, ________, toxoplasmosis

Answer 32

malaria, pinworms, toxoplasmosis

Question 33

Non blood bacterial diarrhea: 
staph aureus
clostridium perfringens
 \_\_\_\_\_\_ (cholera; watery and profuse)
enterotoxic: \_\_\_\_\_ (cramps and watery)
giardia lamblia: water or person to person; treat METRONIDAZOLE
salmonella: poultry. PURULENT diarrhea

Answer 33

vibrio
E. coli (can be enterotoxic or enterohemorrhagic)
infectious diarrhea

Question 34

Purulent and blood diarrhea is caused by:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ E Coli 
Shigella (treat with cipro)
Campylobacter (treat with cipro)
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (treat with cipro)

Answer 34

enterohemmorhagic

travelers

Question 35

treat shigella, campylobacter, enterohemorrhagic, and traveler’s diarrhea with _______. But, treat Giardia with ________

Answer 35

Cipro

metronidazole

Question 36

crampy, watery diarrhea is from:
staph ______
clostridium ______
enterotoxic _____

Answer 36

aureus
perfrigens
E. Coli

Question 37

watery diarrhea results from:
Norovirus
________
_______ (profuse as well)

Answer 37

rotavirus

Vibrio (cholera)