musculoskeletal

Question 1

osteomyelitis is most often caused by ________ (infection of the medullary bone)

Answer 1

bacteria

Question 2

osteomyelitis may be _______ (outside-in) or _______ (inside-out)

Answer 2

exogenous

endogenous

Question 3

open fratures, surgery, penetrating wounds, local injections, are all _________

Answer 3

exogenous

Question 4

pathogens carried in the bloodstream from site of infection to bone, then to soft tissue, are _______

Answer 4

endogenous

Question 5

if bacteria is in the soft tissue, such as cellulitis, it can spread to bone. this is _______

Answer 5

exogenous

Question 6

if pathogen is carried in the bloodstream from site of infection to bone, then to _____ _____, it is _______ (more common in children, infants, older adults)

Answer 6

soft tissue

endogenous

Question 7

sick cell anemia and low oxygen tension commonly cause _________ osteomyelitis

Answer 7

endogenous

Question 8

superficial human bites are _______ ______ and cause _______ osteomyelitis

Answer 8

staph aureus

exogenous

Question 9

if a superficial animal bite causes exogenous osteomyelitis, it is caused by _______ ______

Answer 9

pasteurella multocida

Question 10

chronically ill and immunocompromised are very susceptible to _______ _______

Answer 10

exogenous osteomyelitis

Question 11

the most common sites for endogenous (hematogenous) is ____, _____, and small bones

Answer 11

spine and pelvis (microorganisms travel through arteries, veins, or lymphatic vessels)

Question 12

skin, ear, dental, sinus commonly cause ____________

Answer 12

endogenous osteomyelitis

Question 13

soft tissue infections, GI disorders, GU infections, respiratory infections, all cause ________

Answer 13

endogenous osteomyelitis

Question 14

the most common bacteria cause of hematogenous osteomyelitis is ____ _____

Answer 14

staph aureus

Question 15

in children, osteomyelitis lifts off the _______, disrupts blood supply, leads to _____ and _____

Answer 15

periosteum

necrosis and sequestrum

Question 16

in adults, the periosteum is firmly attached to the cortex, which becomes _____ and ______, leading to ______

Answer 16

weakened and disrupted

pathologic fractures

Question 17

osteomyelitis may be acute __________, (`inadequate previous therapy), or ______

Answer 17

subacute

chronic

Question 18

exogenous osteomyelitis will have ______ _____ signs of infection (abscess, exudate, local pain)

Answer 18

soft tissue

Question 19

hematogenous has more _______ onset. Will present with malaise, _____, _____

Answer 19

gradual

fever, anorexia, weight loss

Question 20

back pain that’s worse with motion and also throbs at rest, is ______

Answer 20

acute spine osteomyelitis

Question 21

WBC and ESR will be ______ .

Answer 21

extremely high

Question 22

treat osteomyelitis with _________

Answer 22

IV antibiotics and debridement (surgery)

Question 23

mycotic infections of the bone are _______ to a primary infection

Answer 23

secondary

Question 24

candidiasis osteomyelitis patients are hospitalized, severely malnourished. Infection from __________

Answer 24

intravenous catheters

Question 25

treat mycotic infections with _______

Answer 25

oral azole antifungals

Question 26

mycobacterium tuberculosis travels to _____ and lies ____ until activated

Answer 26

bone | dormant

Question 27

tuberculous arthritis usually affects _______ joint

Answer 27

one (monoarticular!)

Question 28

reactive arthritis follows a ______ or ______ infection

Answer 28

GI or GU

Question 29

reactive arthritis manifests as ____________

Answer 29

oligoarthritis that is sterile

Question 30

very swollen toes, fingers heels are characteristic of ______ ______

Answer 30

reactive arthritis

Question 31

treat reactive arthritis with ______

Answer 31

antibiotics

Question 32

septic arthritis has _____ onset, inflammatory, ______articular, and affects __________ joints and wrists

Answer 32

acute | monoarticular

Question 33

septic arthritis is very hot to tough. affects _____, _____, wrists

Answer 33

KNEE, hip (groin pain)

Question 34

most common pathogen for septic arthritis is ______

Answer 34

staph auerus

Question 35

lyme, borrelia burgdoferi (rocky mountain), viral are all other causes of ______

Answer 35

arthritis

Question 36

gonococcal arthritis is most common in young women during ______ or pregnancy, or men who are having _________

Answer 36

menses | men having sex with men

Question 37

polyarthralgias (joint pain that is always moving) is indicative of _______ _____

Answer 37

gonococcal arthritis

Question 38

myositis may be viral, bacterial or parasitic. results from ______ changes in _____ muscle

Answer 38

inflammatory changes in skeletal muscle