Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced EMT > GI & GU Injuries > Flashcards

GI & GU Injuries Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Organs commonly found in RUQ

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Duodenum
Small portion of pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organs commonly found in LUQ

A

Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Organs commonly found in RLQ

A

Portions of small and large intestines
Transverse colon
Appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Organs commonly found in LLQ

A

Large intestines
Small intestines
Descending colon
Left half of transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hollow organs

A 
Stomach
Gallbladder
Intestines
Ureters
Urinary bladder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Solid organs

A

Liver
Spleen
Pancreas
Kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pneumoperitoneum

A

Air in the peritoneal cavity. May occur as a result of ruptured hollow organ, perforated peptic ulcer, recent abd sx, or ruptured abscess.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Compression injuried

A

Deform hollow organs, increasing the pressure within the abd cavity. Can cause rupture of small intestine or diaphragm due to dramatic change in pressure.
Ex : typically poorly placed lap belt or run over/rolled over by vehicles or objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which organs are at the highest risk of injury with crush injuries?

A

Solid organs - kidneys, liver, spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Crush injuries

A

Result of external factors at the time of impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Deceleration injuries

A

When a person or vehicle strikes a large immovable mass. Injuries can occur before impact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Kehr sign

A

Left shoulder pain caused by blood in the peritoneal cavity due to rupture of the spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Signs and symptoms of closed abd injuries

A 
Pain
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Hypotension
Shallow respirations
Distention
Bruises
Crepitus in lower ribs
Guarding
Firmness of palpation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pain that follows the angle from the lateral part of the hip to the midline of the groin can be result of damage to :

A

Kidneys or ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pain primarily located in RLQ indicates

A

Inflamed or ruptured appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pain from ___ due to direct injury or inflammation can be found just under the margin of the ribs on the right side or between the shoulder blades.

A

gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Grey Turnery sign

A

bruises in RUQ, LUQ, or flank and suggest injury to liver, spleen, or kidney.

18
Q

Cullen sign

A

Bruising around umbilicus. Sign of significant internal abdominal bleeding.

19
Q

Correct position of seat belt

A

Below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints

20
Q

Gunshot wounds most commonly involve injury to

A

small bowel, colon, liver, and vascular structures

21
Q

Stab wounds most frequently injure

A

Liver, small bower, diaphragm, and colon

22
Q

Suspect kidney damage if the patient has a hx or physical evidence of :

A

Abrasion, laceration, contusion, or hematoma to flank region.
Penetrating wound below rib cage and above the hip or upper abdomen.
Fx on either side of lower rib cage or lower thoracic or upper lumbar vertebrae

23
Q

Suspect liver puncture when :

A

Lower right ribs are fractured, especially 7th-9th

24
Q

Suspect spleen laceration when :

A

Fx of 9th-10th ribs on left side are present or reports of LUQ tenderness, hypotension, tachycardia.

25
Q

Symptoms of pancreatic injuries

A

Vague upper and midabdominal pain that can radiate to the back.

26
Q

Due to delayed presentation and variable symptoms, maintain a high suspicion for duodenal injury in :

A

High-speed deceleration crashes
Child thrown from bicycle
Child strikes abd on handlebars

27
Q

s/s of stomach rupture

A

Burning epigastric pain
Rigidity
Rebound tenderness

28
Q

s/s of duodenal injury

A

Abdominal pain
N/V
Fever

All may not develop for hours to days

29
Q

Bladder injuries are usually associated with :

A

pelvic fx from MVC, falls from heights, and physical assault to lower abd.

30
Q

Testicular injuries present following trauma to :

A

thighs, buttocks, penis, lower abd, and pelvic.

31
Q

Vascular structures found in the retroperitoneal space include :

A

Descending aorta and its branches
Superior inferior phrenic arteries
Inferior vena cava
Mesenteric vessels

32
Q

Signs of bleeding in abdomen

A

Abdomen rigidity
Cullen sign
Signs of shock

33
Q

Clues to intra-abdominal trauma include

A

sxs of shock not proportional to obvious external evidence or estimated blood loos

34
Q

Hypotension, tachycardia, and confusion may not develop until the patient has lost more than ____.

A

40% of circulating blood volume

35
Q

Somatic pain

A

Pain from skin and muscles, joint ligaments, and tendons.
Described as sharp and localized are of injury.
Pain usually respond well to medications such as opioids and NSAIDS

36
Q

Visceral pain

A

Pain from organs inside the body w/ injury or illness. Often described as a deep ache w/ cramping. Can radiate to other locations such as back and chest.

37
Q

Three main areas where visceral pain is felt :

A

Thorax
Abdomen
Pelvis

38
Q

Management of closed/blunt abdominal injuries

A 
Spinal immobilization
Supplemental oxygen via NRB or positive pressure ventilation via BVM if needed
Establish IV
Treat for shock
Keep warm
Prompt transport to ED
39
Q

General procedure for care of blunt abd wound :

A

Inspect pt’s back and sides for exit wounds
Apply a dry, sterile dressing to all open wounds
If penetrating object is still in place, apply bulking dressings and secure w/ stabilizing bandage.
Establish two 18-gauge IV lines and administer isotonic crystalloid solutions to maintain systolic BP of 80-90 mmHG.

40
Q

General rules for treatment of injuries involving external male genitalia :

A

Make pt as comfortable as possible.
Use sterile, moist compresses to cover areas that have been stripped of skin.
Apply direct pressure with dry, sterile gauze dressings to control bleeding.
Always identify and take avulsed part to hospital.
Label bag w/ pt’s name

41
Q

Management of female genitalia injuries

A

Treat any lacerations, abrasion, and avulsion w/ moist, sterile compresses.
Local pressure to control bleeding and diaper-type bandage to hold dressing in place.
Leave any FB in place and stabilize w/ bandages.

Advanced EMT (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions