Flashcards in gold usmle: anti-infective pharm Deck (42):
1
Primaquine
Malaria profylaxis
5. Used for extraerythrocytic forms Plasmodium vivax or P. ovale
2
Ciporfloxacin
Quinolone derivative
3
Sulfonamides
PABA structural analogs
8. Inhibit Folic acid synthesis
4
Tertacyclines, anuria & the exception
Should not be used in anuric pt due to production of (-) Nitrogen balance & ↑d BUN levels.
10. Doxycycline is the exception
5
Ceftriazone
3rd generation cephalosporin
12. DOC for bacterial meningitis in kids (ie
HiB)
13. One dose txt of gonorrhea
6
Hepatic coma DOC
Neomycin (aminoglycoside) it supresses the normal flora = ↓g NH4 production = ↓g free
nitrogen levels in the bloodstream.
7
Clavulanic acid
Irreversible (-)r of β lactamases, but ot of transpeptidase = use w/ a β lactamase sensitive
penicillin
8
Piperacillin
Txt Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Klebsiella
17. Broad spectrum antibiotic
9
Streptomycin (aminoglycoside)
Txt Mycobacterium tuberculosis
10
Isoniazid
Most commonly used drug for TB.
20. Usually combined w/ Rifampin and/or Ethambutol
21. Pre Txt w/ Pyridoxine (Vit B6) can prevent peripheral neuritis
11
Pyrantel Pamoate
Txt of Hookworm disease
23. Depolarizing NMJ (-)r
12
Buy AT 30, CELL at 50
A = Aminoglycosides
25. T = Tetracyclines
26. C = Chloramphenicol
27. E = Erythromycin (macrolide)
28. L = Clindamycin
29. L = Lincomycin
13
Cefoxitin
Txt intraabdominal infections (ie
w/ Bacteroides fragilis)
31. Traditional txt has been Clindamycin & Gentamycin
14
Chloramphenicol
Broad spectrum antibiotic
33. Bone marrow depression (common) Aplastic anemia (rare)
34. Gray baby syndrome (chloramphenicol cannot be conjugated)
35. DOC Typhoid Fever (symptomatic Salmonella infection)
36. DOC HiB meningitis in kids especially resistant strain to ampicillin
15
Nifurtimox
Txt trypanosomiasis
16
Metronidazole
Txt Leishmaniasis & Amebiasis
39. Good for anaerobic bacteria = Bacteroides fragilis
40. DOC Trichomoniasis
41. DOC Giardia lamblia
17
Txt P. carinii
TMP-SMX & Pentamidine
18
Tetracycline
Txt of Brucellosis & Cholera
44. Txt Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
45. Txt spirochete infections = Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
19
TMP-SMX
(-) dihydrofolate reductase activity
20
Benzathine Penicillin G
Long duration of action = given once every 3-4 weeks for Txt of Syphilis
21
Praziquantel
Txt Schistosomiasis (trematode [fluke] infections)
22
Melarsoprol
Txt Trypanosomiasis that has neurological symptoms
23
Stibogluconate
Txt Leishmaniasis
24
Fluconazole
Txt fungal encephalitis
25
Amphotericin B
Polyene antifingal
26
Ketoconazole MOA
(-) fungal ergosterol synthesis = disrupts membrane
27
Griseofulvin MOA
Accumulates in keratinized layers of the skin = used in dermatomycoses infections
28
Mefloquine
Anti malarial
56. Txt Chloroquine resistant strains = P. falciparum
29
Chloroquine
Txt for Malaria when inside RBC
30
Nifurtimox
DOC Chagas disease due to Trypanosoma cruzi
31
Erythromycin
Used in pts allergic to penicillins
32
Nystatin
Topical txt of superficial mycotic infections = Candidiasis
33
Acyclovir
Guanine analog
62. Txt Herpes infections
34
Imipenem
Used w/ Cilastatin
64. Can cause seizures
35
Cefoperazone side effects
Bleeding due to vit K level alterations
66. Contraindicated in pts w/ bleeding disorders
36
Vancomycin
Used for MRSS (methicillin resistant Staph. Aureus)
68. Red neck: due to histamine release causes facial flushing
37
Meropenem
used w/ Cilastatin
70. Does not cause seizures (cf w/ Imipenem)
38
Nafcillin
Only penicillin that does not need dose adjustment in renal impairment
39
Peripheral neuropathy
Seen w/ use of:
73. Metronidazole Isoniazid Vincristine ddI AZT Allopurinol
40
Sulfonamides & newborns
Kernicterus can occur
41
O.N.E. for gonorrhea
Fluoroquinolones used in a one dose deal for gonorrhea:
76. O = Ofloxacin
77. N = Norfloxacin
78. E = Enoxacin
42