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Spring 2022 classes > gross anatomy UE > Flashcards

gross anatomy UE Flashcards

1
Q

what pronator muscle usually causes more problems clinically

A

pronator teres (not pronator quadratus)

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2
Q

what nerve are interosseus muscles innervated by

A

ulnar

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3
Q

what muscle is the deepest of the pollicis muscles

A

opponens pollicis

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4
Q

which muscle is a square shape and on the anterior wrist area

A

pronator quadratus

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5
Q

even though it is located laterally, what compartment is the brachioradialis found in

A

posterior superficial

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6
Q

___ half of flexor digitorum profundus (in anatomical position) is innervated by ____

A

medial, ulnar

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7
Q

what muscle (1) is located in the intermediate layer of the anterior forearm

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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8
Q

what compartment is flexor digitorum profundus located in

A

deep anterior

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9
Q

what is the difference of the insertion of FD profundus vs superficialis

A

superficialis: insert at middle phalanages
profundus: insert at distal phalanges

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10
Q

what muscle does every person not have in the anterior arm

A

palmaris longus

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11
Q

what’s important about the LONG head of the triceps

A

crosses the GH joint, originates at the bicepital groove

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12
Q

what hand bone is found the closest to the thumb

A

trapezium

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13
Q

how many carpal bones are there

A

8

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14
Q

what 4 bones are in the proximal line of carpal bones

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

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15
Q

what 4 bones are in the distal line of carpal bones

A

trapezium, trapezoid, hamate, capitate

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16
Q

what bone includes an articular disc, just like what joint of the shoulder

A

ulna, SC

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17
Q

does the radius or ulna encounter more force

A

ulna, which is why it needs the articular disc

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18
Q

what is the name of the disc on the ulna that helps with shock absorption

A

TFCC: triangular fibrocartilage complex

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19
Q

what bone separates medial from lateral side of the forearm/wrist based on anatomical position

A

ulnar styloid process

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20
Q

what kind of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint

A

pivot (at elbow for sup/pron)

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21
Q

what kind of joint is the distal radioulnar joint

A

hinge (at wrist)

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22
Q

what kind of joint is ulnohumeral joint

A

hinge (elbow)

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23
Q

what position can you see the radial tubersity

A

anterior

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24
Q

wrist flexors attach at what part of the elbow

A

medial epicondyle

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25
Q

wrist extensors attach at what part of the elbow

A

lateral epicondyle

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26
Q

why is the olecranon fossa important

A

for elbow extension so the olecranon has somewhere to go into

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27
Q

where does lymph drain towards

A

apical node= deepest

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28
Q

what does the subclavius do

A

compresses the clavicle, is a deep ANTERIOR muscle

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29
Q

what joint of the UE has a labrum that has a similar function as the hip

A

glenohumeral joint

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30
Q

what is the difference between the anatomical neck of the humerus and the surgical neck of the humerus

A

surgical neck is more distal and more likely to be operated on, more likely to have dysfunction

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31
Q

what ligament of the AC joint prevents anterior superior translation and elevation of the clavicle

A

coracoclavicular ligament

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32
Q

what kind of joint is the SC joint

A

saddle

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33
Q

what does a saddle joint mean

A

depending on the direction different parts will be convex + concave

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34
Q

what bone is the corocoid process on

A

scapula

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35
Q

what bone is the conoid tubercle on

A

clavicle

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36
Q

what 3 muscles originate insert at the bicepital groove

A

pec major, lats, teres major (lady b/w 2 majors)

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37
Q

what muscle deteremines the vasculature of the scapular region

A

pec minor

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38
Q

how to tell the difference between arteries and nerve location

A

Arteries pass Above ligaments, veins pass below ligaments

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39
Q

what is included in the axill (

A

axillary artery, axillary vein, nerves of brachial plexus, biceps brachii, coracobrachiallis lymph nodes

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40
Q

if there’s a suspected problem with the blood flow from artery in a big part of the UE, what is likely the problem

A

pec minor

41
Q

where is the brachial artery located on the upper arm

A

b/w biceps and triceps medially

42
Q

when does the axillary artery become the brachial artery

A

passes the inferior margin of teres major

43
Q

what area does the basilic vein drain towards the axillary vein

A

medial aspect arm (basement in anatomical position)

44
Q

what area does the cephalic vein drain towards the axillary vein

A

posteror+lateral (ceiling in anatomical position)

45
Q

scapular upward rotator muscles

A

trapezius and serratus anterior

46
Q

scapular downward rotator muscles

A

rhomboid, levator scapula, lats

47
Q

where do each head of biceps brachii originate

A

long: supraglenoid tubercle
short: corocoid process

48
Q

where do each head of triceps insert

A

long: infraglenoid tubercle
medial:
lateral:

49
Q

what type of joint is AC

A

planar

50
Q

what ligament supports and surrounds AC joint

A

acromioclavicular ligament

51
Q

what is the role of ligaments vs muscles of the AC joint

A

keep clavicle down vs lift clavicle up

52
Q

if a patient has an elevated clavicle what is likely the problem

A

ligaments of the AC joint are injured

53
Q

what dislocation is more common for SC joint

A

anterior b/c ligaments prevent anterior motion so if they’re injured then there may be anterior dislocation

54
Q

is the clavicle more supported anteriorly or posteriorly

A

posteriorly (this makes sense b/c we don’t want the clavicle puncturing us posteriorly/towards are heart)

55
Q

what is the pseudo joint of the scapula

A

scapulothoracic

56
Q

when looking at the humerus anteriorly, is the greater or lesser tubercle more lateral?

A

greater

57
Q

where do the infraspinatus and supraspinatus insert

A

spine of scapula

58
Q

what part of the scapula itself may lead to nerve impingement?

A

suprascapular notch

59
Q

muscles in superficial anterior forearm

A

pronator teres, flexor carpri ulnaris, flexor carpri radialis, palmaris longus

60
Q

muscles in superficial posterior forearm

A

brachioradialis, extensor carpri radialis brevis, extensor carpri radialis longus, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpri ulnaris, anconeus

61
Q

muscles in deep posterior forearm

A

supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus brevis, extensor indicis

62
Q

deep anterior forearm muscles

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

63
Q

what nerve innervates the dorsal and palmar interossei

A

ulnar

64
Q

thenar eminence includes

A

opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis

65
Q

hypothenar eminence includes

A

opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis

66
Q

what nerve innvervates the thenar eminence

A

median nerve

67
Q

what nerve innervates the hypothenar eminence

A

ulnar

68
Q

if a patient has tingling or numbness in the entire hand what may you suspect

A

not carpal tunnel b/c only median nerve is in carpal tunnel

69
Q

if a patient has atrophy at the thenar eminence what may you suspect

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

70
Q

if a patient only has tingling in the forearm and hand what may you suspect

A

not carpal tunnel syndrome

71
Q

what nerve passes the tunnel of gyon

A

deep ulnar nerve

72
Q

where do the ulnar and median nerves cross the elbow

A

ulnar: posteriorly
median: anteriorly

73
Q

what are other branches of the median nerve

A

anterior interosseus, palmar branch, recurrent branch

74
Q

branches of musculocutaneus

A

median and ulnar > lateral cutaneus forearm

75
Q

ulnar nerve branches

A

dorsal, palmar, superficial, deep

76
Q

radial nerve branches

A

inferior lateral cutaneus, posterior cutaneus, deep brach, superficial branch, posterior interosseus

77
Q

entrapment site for median nerve

A

ligament of struthers, bicepital aponeurosis, pronator teres

78
Q

entrapment site for ulnar nerve

A

arcade of struthers, cupital tunnel, flexor carpi ulnaris, gyon’s canal

79
Q

entrapment site for radial nerve

A

supinator, arcade froshe

80
Q

what larger artery includes the interosseus artery

A

ulnar

81
Q

is basilic vein more deep or superficial compared to cephalic

A

deeper than cephalic

82
Q

what muscle determines deep/superficial for palmar arch

A

adductor pollicis

83
Q

cubital fossa location

A

horizontal line b/w medial and lateral epicondyle

84
Q

medial border of cubital fossa

A

pronator teres

85
Q

lateral border of cubital fossa

A

brachioradialis

86
Q

floor of cubital fossa

A

brachialis

87
Q

what are the contents of the cubital fossa

A

biceps brachii tendon, brachial artery, median nerve

88
Q

what nerve is involved in the carpal tunnel

A

median nerve

89
Q

contents of carpal tunnel

A

flexor pollicis longus tendon, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, median nerve

90
Q

lateral border of anatomical snuff box

A

abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

91
Q

medial border of anatomical snuff box

A

extensor pollicis longus

92
Q

floor of anatomical snuff box

A

scaphoid and trapezium

93
Q

contents of anatomical snuff box

A

cephalic vein, radial artery, superficial branch of radial nerve

94
Q

rotator cuff muscles superior to inferior

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

95
Q

pronator muscles originate ___ and insert ___

A

medially, laterally

96
Q

muscles innervated by posterior interosseus nerve (branch of radial)

A

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, dorsal interossei, **extensor carpri ulnaris, **supinator

97
Q

where does the subclavian artery become the brachial artery

A

passes the 1st rib laterally

98
Q

where do biceps brachii insert

A

radial tubersity

Spring 2022 classes (22 decks)

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