Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Boards.CP.Micro > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

Hepatitis A virus:

  • DNA/RNA
  • Family
  • Transmission
A
  • RNA
  • Picornavavirus
  • Fecal-Oral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who does HAV primarily effect?

A

Children, often before 11 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diagnosis of Acute infection depends on demonstrating what?

A

IgM anti-HAV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

IgG anti-HAV indicates.

A

Acute or past infection

-persists for life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hepatitis B virus:

  • DNA/RNA
  • Family
  • Name of intact virion
A
  • DNA
  • Hepdnavirus
  • Dane particle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

HBV viral markers:

-HbsAg (surface antigen)

A

Indicates Active disease

-either acute infection or chronic carrier state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

HBV viral markers:

-HBeAg (when is it produced?)

A

-Indicates chronic carriage with active viral replication

only produced when the virus in in replicating form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HBV viral markers:

  • Anti-HBc (antibody to B core antigen)
  • IgM
  • Total antibodies (IgG/IgM)
A
  • Present throughout lifetime of someone who has been INFECTED
  • Acute infection
  • Acute and Past infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

HBV viral markers:

-Anti-HBe (3)

A
  • Found when HBe becomes negative
  • Does NOT imply resolved infection or immunity
  • Indicates chronic carrier without active viral replication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

HBV viral markers:

-HBsAb (antibody vs surface antigen)

A
  • Indicates resistance from infection

- Found in IMMUNIZED persons and those who have successfully cleared HBV infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When do serologic markers for HBV emerge?

A

2-10 weeks following infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What marker appears 1st following HBV infection; followed by which ones?

A
  • HBsAg
  • HBeAg
  • IgM anti-HBc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: HBV DNA is detectable in serum before HBsAg.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What serologic markers coincide with emergence of symptoms?

A

-Anti-HBc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What antibodies emerge when there is complete resolution of acute HBV infection?

A
  • Anti-HBe

- Anti-HBs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What remains positive in patients who develop chronic HBV infection? (what is criteria for diagnosis)

A

HBsAg remains positive

-persistence for >6months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Persistent HBsAg without clinical hepatitis is called what

A

-Chronic Carrier State

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chronicity develops in % of:

  • Healthy
  • Immunocompromised adults
  • Neonates infected transplacentally
A
  • 5%
  • 10%
  • 90%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is chronic HBs antigenemia associated with?

A

Polyarteritis Nodosum (PAD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which Hepatitis virus can only infect hepatocytes with HBV DNA?

A

HepD (HDV)

21
Q

HBeAg - Chronic Hepatitis B is characterized by what? *3)

A
  • Circulating HBV DNA
  • Fluctuating aminotransferases
  • Tendency towards fulminant hepatitis with liver failure
22
Q

HBeAg - Chronic Hepatitis B results from what?

A

Mutations in the C or pre C region of the HBV genome in which a premature stop codon impairs synthesis of HBeAg

23
Q

What are the 3 major applications for molecular assays in HBV?

A
  • Making initial diagnosis of HBV
  • Replicative vs. Nonreplicative Chronic HBV
  • Response to therapy (undetectable HBV DNA is consiered a virologic response)
24
Q

Those with ____ copies of HBV DNA/mL are considered replicative chronic HBV.

A

> 10^5 copies of HBV DNA

25
Q

HBV Serology - No prior infection nor immunization:

  • HBsAg
  • Anti-HBc
  • Anti-HBs
A

HBV Serology - No prior infection nor immunization:

  • HBsAg - Neg.
  • Anti-HBc - Neg.
  • Anti-HBs - Neg.
26
Q

HBV Serology - Prior immunization:

  • HBsAg
  • Anti-HBc
  • Anti-HBs
A

HBV Serology - Prior immunization:

  • HBsAg - Neg.
  • Anti-HBc - Neg.
  • Anti-HBs - Positive
27
Q

HBV Serology - Acute HBV:

  • HBsAg
  • Anti-HBc
  • Anti-HBs
A

HBV Serology - Acute HBV:

  • HBsAg - Positive
  • Anti-HBc - Positive (IgM)
  • Anti-HBs - Neg.
28
Q

HBV Serology - Chronic HBV:

  • HBsAg
  • Anti-HBc
  • Anti-HBs
A

HBV Serology - Chronic HBV:

  • HBsAg - Positive
  • Anti-HBc - Positive
  • Anti-HBs - Negative
29
Q

HBV Serology - Resolved HBV:

  • HBsAg
  • Anti-HBc
  • Anti-HBs
A

HBV Serology - Resolved HBV:

  • HBsAg - Neg.
  • Anti-HBc - Positive (IgM&IgG)
  • Anti-HBs - Positive
30
Q

Hepatitis C virus family.

A

Flavivirus

31
Q

What is the most common cause of transfusion associated viral hepatitis?

A

HepC

32
Q

What percentage of those infected develop chronic HCV?

A

60%

33
Q

What percentage of those with chronic HCV develop cirrhosis?

A

15%

34
Q

What percentage of those with cirrhosis develop HCC?

A

5%

35
Q

What are the extrahepatic manifestations of HCV? (3)

A
  • Mixed cryoglobulinemia
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Aplastic anemia
36
Q

Diagnosis of HCV is based on which 3 assays?

A
  • EIA based assays for anti-HCV antibodies
  • HCV RNA
  • Recombinant Immunoblot Assay (RIBA)
37
Q

HCV Assay results - Early HCV infection (<3 months):

  • Anti-HCV (EIA)
  • RIBA
  • HCV RNA
A

HCV Assay results - Early HCV infection (<3 months):

  • Anti-HCV (EIA) - Neg.
  • RIBA - Neg.
  • HCV RNA - Positive
38
Q

HCV Assay results - Current HCV infection (acute or chronic):

  • Anti-HCV (EIA)
  • RIBA
  • HCV RNA
A

HCV Assay results - Current HCV infection (acute or chronic):

  • Anti-HCV (EIA) - Positive
  • RIBA - Positive
  • HCV RNA - Positive
39
Q

HCV Assay results - Cleared/resolved prior HCV infection:

  • Anti-HCV (EIA)
  • RIBA
  • HCV RNA
A

HCV Assay results - Cleared/resolved prior HCV infection:

  • Anti-HCV (EIA) - Positive
  • RIBA - Positive
  • HCV RNA - Negative
40
Q

HCV Assay results Interpretation:

  • Anti-HCV (EIA) - Positive
  • RIBA - Neg./Indeterminate
  • HCV RNA - Neg.
A

False Positive anti-HCV EIA

41
Q

What is the endpoint of treatment for HCV infection?

A

Sustained Virologic Response (SVR):

-Undetectable HCV RNA for 24 weeks after the end of treatment

42
Q

What is the most common HCV genotype in the US?

-Subclass?

A

HCV genotype 1 (70%)

  • Type 1a (60%)
  • Type 1b (10%)
43
Q

Which HCV genotype is more likely to develop resistance to treatment?

A

HCV genotype 1a

44
Q

Is Hepatitis E virus (HEV) a DNA or RNA virus

A

RNA (HEV)

45
Q

How is HEV transmitted?

Who does it typically affect?

A
  • fecal-oral

- young adults (15-35 y/o)

46
Q

HEV is more virulent in what population?

A

Pregnant women
-mortality rate of 30%

*overall mortality is 1%

47
Q

T/F: Chronic HEV infections are rare.

A

True

48
Q

Hepatitis G virus (GBV C virus):

  • DNA or RNA
  • Virus Family
  • Transmission
  • Chronicity
A
  • RNA
  • Flaviviridae family
  • Parenteral transmission
  • Chronic infection is common

*Not clearly demonstrated to cause clinical hepatitis

49
Q

What are other viruses that cause hepatitis? (5)

A
  • EBV
  • CMV
  • HSV
  • VZV
  • Yellow Fever

Boards.CP.Micro (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions