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Boards.CP.Micro > Trematodes (flukes) > Flashcards

Trematodes (flukes) Flashcards

1
Q

Trematodes:

-AKA

A

Flukes

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2
Q

What are the Trematodes species (6)

A
  • Fasciolopsis buski
  • Fasciola hepatica
  • Clonorchis sinensis
  • Opisthorchis spp.
  • Paragonimus westermani
  • Schistosoma spp.
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3
Q

Fasciolopsis buski (intestinal fluke):

  • Transmission
  • Geography
  • Infection site
A
  • Freshwater plants (Water Chestnuts)
  • Asia/India
  • Duodenum
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4
Q 
Fasciolopsis buski (intestinal fluke) - Diagnosis:
-Adult morphology
A

Point, but not conical, cephalad

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5
Q

Fasciolopsis buski (intestinal fluke) - Egg Diagnosis:

  • Size
  • Shape
  • Features (2)

*Identical to what other fluke?

A
  • 100-150 um
  • Oval
  • Unshouldered operculum
  • Abopercular knob

*Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke)

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6
Q

Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke):

  • Transmission
  • Geography
  • Infection site (2)
A
  • Freshwater pants (Water Cress)
  • Asia/Middle East
  • Bile ducts/Hepatic parenchyma
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7
Q 
Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke):
-Complication
A

Fibrosis/Cirrhosis

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8
Q 
Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) - Diagnosis:
-Adult morphology
A

Cephalic cone

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9
Q

Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke):

  • Size
  • Shape
  • Features (2)

*Identical to what other fluke?

A
  • 100-150 um
  • Oval
  • Unshouldered operculum
  • Abopercular knob

*Fasciolopsis buski (intestinal fluke)

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10
Q

Clonorchis sinesis/Opisthorchis spp. (liver fluke):

  • Transmission
  • Geography
A
  • Freshwater fish

- Asia

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11
Q

Clonorchis sinesis/Opisthorchis spp. (liver fluke):

-Infection (3)

A

Chronic Biliary infection

  • Biliary fibrosis
  • Cholangiocarcinoma
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12
Q

Clonorchis sinesis/Opisthorchis spp. (liver fluke) - Diagnosis:
-Adult morphology

A

Snoutlike cephalad

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13
Q

Clonorchis sinesis/Opisthorchis spp. (liver fluke) - Egg Diagnosis:

  • Size
  • Shape
  • Feature (2)
A
  • 30 um
  • Oval
  • Shouldered operculum
  • Small Abopercular knob
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14
Q

Paragonimus westermani:

-AKA

A

Oriental lung fluke

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15
Q

Paragonimus westermani:

-Transmission

A

Crustaceans (undercooked)

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16
Q

Paragonimus westermani:

-Infection

A

Lung infection with pneumonitis

17
Q

Paragonimus westermani - Egg Diagnosis:

  • Sample type (2)
  • Size
  • Shape
  • Feature
A

Sputum/Stool

  • 90 um
  • Oval
  • Shouldered operculum
18
Q

Operculated Eggs - Differential Dx:

-Organisms (5)

A
  • Clonorchis sinensis
  • Diphyllobothrium latum
  • Paragonimus westermani
  • Fasciola Hepatica
  • Fasciolopsis buski
19
Q

Operculated Eggs - Differential Dx - Size:

  • Clonorchis sinensis
  • Diphyllobothrium latum
  • Paragonimus westermani
  • Fasciola Hepatica/Fasciolopsis buski
A
  • Clonorchis sinensis (30 um)
  • Diphyllobothrium latum (60 um)
  • Paragonimus westermani (90 um)
  • Fasciola Hepatica/Fasciolopsis buski (120 um)
20
Q

Operculated Eggs - Differential Dx:

-Shoulder (+) (2)

A
  • Clonorchis sinensis

- Paragonimus westermani

21
Q

Schistosomiasis:

-AKA (2)

A
  • Bilharziasis

- Blood flukes

22
Q

Schistosomiasis:

-Transmission

A

Snail infested water

23
Q

Schistosomiasis:

-Life cycle (5)

A
  1. Skin penetration via Fork Tailed Cercariae
  2. Migrate through bloodstream
  3. Mesenteric/Pelvic blood vessels
  4. Releases eggs in bloodstream
  5. Eggs lodge in small capillaries
24
Q

Schistosomiasis:

-Where may eggs be found? (2)

A
  • Stool
  • Urine

*Eggs may penetrate bowel or bladder wall

25
Q

Schistosomiasis - Clinical Stages:

-Acute

A

Circulating Immune Complexes

-Katayama fever

26
Q

Schistosomiasis - Clinical Stages:

-Chronic

A

Reflects local tissue reaction to eggs

27
Q

Schistosoma species. (4)

A
  • S. mansoni
  • S. japonicum
  • S. haematobium
  • S. intercalatum
28
Q

Schistosoma mansoni:

  • Infection sites (2)
  • Complications (3)
  • Eggs found
A
  • Hepatic portal/Inferior mesenteric
  • Portal fibrosis, cirrhosis, colitis
  • Rectal biopsies
29
Q

Schistosoma japonicum:

  • Infection site
  • Complication

*Rare infections involve what?

A

Liver
-Cirrhosis

*Rarely affects CNS

30
Q

Schistosoma haematobium:

  • Infection site
  • Complications (3)
  • Eggs found (2)
A

Bladder (Venous Plexus)

  • Hematuria/Irritation
  • SCC of bladder
  • Urine or bladder biopsies
31
Q

Schistosoma intercalatum closely resembles what?

-Produces what symptoms

A

S. haematobium

-Intestinal schistosomaisis

32
Q

Schistosoma spp. - Diagnosis - General Egg:

  • Size
  • Feature
A

75-150 um

-Single spine

33
Q

Schistosoma spp. - Diagnostic Feature:

  • S. mansoni
  • S. japonicum
  • S. haematobium
A

S. mansoni
-Lateral spine

S. japonicum
-Small, knoblike spine

S. haematobium
-Terminal spine

Boards.CP.Micro (28 decks)

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