When Jaundiced in hepatitis, what is liver ALT levels?
super high in the 1000s
what causes high ALT?
hepatocyte membrane damage
When do you get Mallory bodies?
alcoholic hepatitis
when do you get centrilobular necrosis?
paracetomol toxicity
what is a Councilman body?
hepatocyte undergoing apoptosis
2 giveaways of alcoholic hepatitis?
Mallory bodies
Neutrophils
Cholestasis histologically see?
yellow brown dots (bile plug) in dilated biliary canaliculi
what is a hallmark feature of acute viral hepatitis B?
APOPTOSIS and ground glass hepatocytes
what happens to portal tracts in chronic hepatitis C? 4 things
- lymphocytes infiltration
- Fatty change
- interface hepatitis
- bridging fibrosis
Two examples of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
DM and CHF
What is steatosis?
just fat (triglyceride) in the liver fatty liver
3 types of steatosis are?
macrovesicular/large droplet - DIABETES
microvesicular/small droplet - REYE SYNDROME
Mixed type- ALCOHOL
Liver failure skin findings
Erythema, spider angioma, jaundice
Rusty smell in liver failure
mercaptans
Renal failure in liver failure
Hepatorenal syndrome (due to decreased renal perfusion)
Hemochromatosis- organ involvement
liver, joint, skin, pancreas (bronze diabetes), heart
Fulminant hepatitis (acute liver failure)- cause
Drug, superinfection, pregnancy, Wilson. (increasing ammonia)
Causes of alcoholic steatosis
decreased apoprotein decreased lipoprotein secretion, , increased fat biosynthesis, increased peripheral catabolism of fat
