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PATH MAGIC > CVS > Flashcards

CVS Flashcards

1
Q

DIAGNOSIS

A

AORTIC STENOSIS

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2
Q

DISCUSS 1 PATHOGENESIS AND THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE CONDITION SHOWN IN THE IMAGE

A

CHRONIC RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

MITRAL STENOSIS

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3
Q

acute chest pain, alleviate when the patient leans forward, ST elevation in all leads.

A

Acute pericarditis

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4
Q

previously normal patient, new heart murmur and fever

diagnosis and cause?

A

acute bacterial endocarditis

coag. positive, catalase-positive, gram-positive bacteria

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5
Q

patient with rheumatic heart disease, new heart murmur, and fever

diagnosis and cause?

A

subacute endocarditis

alpha-hemolytic streptococcus

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6
Q

renin level in higher in left renal vein compared to the right

possible diagnosis

A

Left renal artery stenosis

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7
Q

the right kidney is smaller than the left kidney

possible diagnosis

A

right renal artery stenosis

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8
Q

serum sodium -high

serum ph- high

serum potassium- low

possible diagnosis

A

RAS

Conn syndrome

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9
Q

new hypertension, history of CAD, bruit in the left flank (at L2)

A

Renal Artery stenosis due to ATH

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10
Q

HTN is aggravated during pregnancy, angiogram showing beading of the Left Renal Artery

histology of the Left Renal Artery?

A

Collagen 1 deposit in the media

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11
Q

Which heart fails in Acute bacterial endocarditis in IV drug users?

A

Right

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12
Q

possible cause of the gross appearance?

A

100% occultation by an embolus from:

IE

MI

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13
Q

Acute gastric ulcer vs ATM of the mesenteric artery

how to differentiate?

A

ask if the patient has a history of CAD or has atherosclerosis risk factors

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14
Q

mention 4 risk factors

A

immobilization

pancreatic cancer

factor V Leiden

Smoking+ OCP use

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15
Q

1 risk factor

1 cause

A

1 risk factor- smoking

1 cause- hypertension

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16
Q

large heart, thick walls, and narrow left ventricular chamber

cause?

A

Hypertension

17
Q

large vascular channels, calcification, location in the liver

diagnosis?

A

cavernous hemangioma

Think VHL

18
Q

JVP raised suddenly after 5 days after MI, heart sound muffled

diagnosis?

A

rupture of the left wall in the MI

19
Q

biopsy of renal arterioles

diagnosis?

A

benign long stanging HTN

20
Q

biopsy of the renal arteriole

diagnosis?

A

malignant HTN

21
Q

Area of perfusion in LAD, RCA?

A

LAD- LEFT LATERAL WALL AND ANT. 2/3 OF IVS

RCA: INFERIOR

22
Q

VASCULITIS WITH FIBRNOID NECROSIS

A

PAN

23
Q

VASULITIS WITH BLINDNESS

A

TEMPORAL ARTERITIS

24
Q

VASCULITIS WITH LOSS OF PERIPHERAL PULSE (UPPER LIMB)

A

Takayasu

25
Q

groups of small capillaries under the skin disappeared after a few years of birth

  • diagnosis*
  • cell of origin*
A

Capillary Hemangioma

Endothelium

26
Q

Mention 2 pathogenesis

A

CRHD

Papillary muscle rupture- MI after 3-7 days

27
Q

diagnosis?

Pathophysiology (cause)?

A

AS

  1. If the senile patient- dystrophic calcification on a tricuspid valve
  2. In a younger patient- dystrophic calcification on a bi-cuspid valve
28
Q

head-bobbing?

A

Likely AR

29
Q

what is the histology of the area of the rupture?

A

rbc, coagulative necrosis, and early granulation tissue

(remember rupture happens between 3-7 days

30
Q

MVP: recall changes in the tissue in Marfan syndrome

MVP- narrate the murmur

A

Myxoid bluish elastic tissue (ballooning degeneration).

MVP- early systolic click and late systolic murmur

31
Q

diagnosis of the histology of the heart?

Possible time?

A

coagulative necrosis

1-3 hours

32
Q

histology of heart in MI?

timing?

A

plenty neutrophils and coagulative necrosis

2-3 days

33
Q

discuss the histology of heart in MI

timing?

A

new capillaries, inflammatory cells (+ collagen)

10-21 days

34
Q

histology of the lesion: haphazard blood vessels composed of od thick and thin-walled blood vessels.

stool occult blood becomes positive when the patient’s intraabdominal pressure

A

Angiodysplasia

35
Q

How to differentiate AS murmur vs HCM murmur

A

Valsalva maneuver

AS murmur- will reduce

HCM murmur- increase in intensity

36
Q

Cause of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

genetics (beta myosin mutation)

37
Q
A

PATH MAGIC (21 decks)

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