HIV

Question 1

Which drugs block HIV protease and prevent virion assembly?

Answer 1

Atazanir
Ritonavir
Darunavir

Question 2

Name the capsid protein and which gene it is coded from?

Answer 2

p24

gag

Question 3

What protein writes HIV mRNA and host RNA

Answer 3

Host RNA pol II

Question 4

This enzyme writes HIV DNA into the host DNA

Answer 4

integrase

Question 5

GP 120 on HIV binds with which host cell receptor?

Answer 5

CD4

Question 6

2 band of these proteins are required for a Western Blot confirmation of HIV infection?

Answer 6

gp41, gp120 or p24

Question 7

HIV-1 is a reserve transcript and performs this task?

Answer 7

RNA dependent DNA polymerase

Question 8

When is a virus considered a pro-virus?

Answer 8

When its genome is written in the host DNA

Question 9

Tat is a TF that promotes what type of RNA? What TF are written from spliced RNA?

Answer 9

spliced RNA

Tat, Rev, and Nef

Question 10

What 3 proteins are written from unspliced RNA?

Answer 10

Env
Gag
Pol

Question 11

What two chemokine receptors bind to gp41?

Answer 11

CCR5

CXCR4

Question 12

What are some common opportunistic infections seen in patients with HIV?

Answer 12

Kaposi Sarcoma
CMV
Candida
Cryptococcus
Pneumocystis

Question 13

When a T cell count falls below this level a patient is considered to have AIDS

Answer 13

200

Question 14

How are HIV patients monitored?

Answer 14

CD4+ T cell enumeration with flow cytometry

Question 15

What is the goal of therapy for patients with HIV?

Answer 15

Reduce the level of circulating virus

Question 16

Which cells does HIV initially attack?

Answer 16

Helper T cells
Macrophages
monocytes
B cells
microglial brain cells
intestinal cells

Question 17

What causes symptoms of HIV to appear?

Answer 17

Destruction of CD4+ cells

Question 18

Describe primary HIV syndrome

Answer 18

6-12 weeks after infection

fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, ha, fatigue, diarrhea, sore throat

Question 19

Process of a negative HIV test becoming positve

Answer 19

seroconversion

Question 20

What HIV virus products are detectable in the 2-6 weeks after infection?

Answer 20

HIV proviral DNA
HIV viral load
HIV-1 p-24 antigen
Also HIV antibodies of host

Question 21

Name some diseases that are predictive of an HIV patient progressing to AIDS?

Answer 21

shingles- VZV
thrush- candida
oral hairy leukoplakia - EBV
kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 22

What percent of patients test positive for HIV after 6 months?

Answer 22

95%

Question 23

Why do the antibodies to HIV antigens decrease as disease progresses

Answer 23

The immune system is weakened

Question 24

First test used to test for HIV?

Answer 24

ELISA

Question 25

LIst reasons a patient may get a false positive with an ELISA HIV screening

Answer 25

autoimmune disease alcoholism syphilis immunoproliferative disases

Question 26

Increased risk of death from AIDS is seen in these patients

Answer 26

``` CD4 below 200 viral load over 100,000 older than 50 injecting drug user prior AIDS defining illness ```

Question 27

What percent of HIV (+) patients are alive after 10 years?

Answer 27

84%

Question 28

What causes the most common opprotunstic infection in HIV?

Answer 28

Pneumocystis jiroveci - a yeast like fungus

Question 29

What stain is used to identify pneumocystis jiroveci?

Answer 29

silver stain