HTN6

Question 1

what is the trade name of doxazosin

Answer 1

Cardura

Question 2

what is the trade name of Prazosin

Answer 2

Minipress

Question 3

what is the trade name of Terazosin

Answer 3

Hytrin

Question 4

what drugs are only used in combo therapy for BPH?

Answer 4

alpha blockers

Question 5

what is the MOA of direct renin inhibitors

Answer 5

directly inhibits renin at beginning of RAAS

Question 6

what are the adverse effects of Direct Renin Inhibitors?

Answer 6

angioedema
increased Scr and BUN
increased K

Question 7

what is the contraindication for direct renin inhibitors?

Answer 7

pregnancy

Question 8

what are the central a2 agonists trade and generic names?

Answer 8

clonidine - Catapres
Clonidine patch - Catapres-TTS
Methyldopa - Aldomet
Guanfacine (Tenex)

Question 9

what is the MOA of central A2 agonists

Answer 9

stimulate A2 receptors in brain which inhibits release of NE

Question 10

what are the effects of central a2 agonists on:

1. sympathetic outflow
2. vagal outflow

Answer 10

1. decrease sympathetic outflow

2. increase vagal outflow

Question 11

what makes central A2 agonists most effective?

Answer 11

used with a diuretic to reduce fluid retention

Question 12

what central A2 agonist can be used by itself?

Answer 12

clonidine

Question 13

what is the oral dosing of clonidine?

what is max dose?

Answer 13

.1 mg BID up to 1.2 mg per day

Question 14

what is the transdermal dosing of clonidine

Answer 14

.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/day patch every 7 days

Question 15

what effect does clonidine typically have on BP

Answer 15

decreases diastolic BP by 10 mmHg

Question 16

what dosing should be given to change from PO to transdermal patches?

Answer 16

day 1: patch + 100% of oral dose
day 2: 50% of oral dose
day 3: 25% oral dose
day 4: d/c PO dose

Question 17

what are the adverse effects of clonidine

Answer 17

1. sedation
2. orthostatic hypotension
3. depression
4. dry mouth

Question 18

what is the “rebound phenomenon”

Answer 18

heart compensating for loss of pressure and volume

Question 19

what is the first line treatment for HTN in pregnancy

Answer 19

methyldopa

Question 20

what is the MOA with peripheral adrenergic agonists

Answer 20

depletes norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve endings and blocks transport of NE into storage granules

Question 21

what are the effects of peripheral adrenergic antagonists on sympathetic tone and PVR?

Answer 21

decreases sympathetic tone

decreases PVR due to vasodilation

Question 22

what are the adverse effects of peripheral adrenergic antagonists?

Answer 22

1. CNS effects (sedation, anxiety, depression)
2. nasal stuffiness
3. peptic ulcer
4. orthostatic hypotention

Question 23

what is a peripheral adrenergic antagonist

Answer 23

reserpine

Question 24

what type of drug is hydralazine

Answer 24

direct arterial vasodilator

Question 25

what are the effects of compensatory mechanisms seen with hydralazine

Answer 25

increase HR, CO and renin release

Question 26

what is the dosing of hydralzine?

Answer 26

TID or QID

Question 27

when using a thiazide diuretic, potassium does what? what does uric acid do

Answer 27

K decreases

uric acid increases

Question 28

what is bp goal in a diabetic patient with HTN

what is most appropriate 1st line therapy?

Answer 28

140/90

HCTZ

Question 29

a black male with DM and HTN who has been on hydroclorothiazide for a month should have what added?

a. amlodipine
b. enalapril
c. hydralazine
d. chlorthalidone

Answer 29

amlodipine (CCB preferred)