important endocrine Flashcards
(42 cards)
what syndromes cause gynaecomastia
ones with androgen deficiency
- Kallman’s
- Klinefelter’s
TSH and T4 for thyrotoxicosis
TSH low
T4 high
TSH and T4 for primary hypothyroidism
TSH high
T4 low
TSH and T4 for secondary hypothyroidism
TSH low
T4 low
TSH and T4 for sick euthyroid
TSH low/normal
T4 low
TSH and T4 for subclincal hypothyroidism
TSH high
T4 normal
TSH and T4 for poor compliance with thyroxine
TSH high
T4 normal
PTH, calcium, phosphate and urine calcium:creatinine ratio for primary hyperparathyroidism
PTH elevated
calcium elevated
phosphate low
calcium:creatinine ratio >0.01
PTH, calcium, phosphate and vit D for secondary hyperparathyroidiam
PTH elevated
calcium low or normal
phosphate elevated
vit D low
calcium PTH phosphate and vit D for tertiary hyperparathyroidism
calcium normal or high PTH elevated Phosphate decreased or normal vit D normal or decreased ALP is also elevated
example of sulfonylureas
- gliclazide
- glimepiride
example of thiazolinediones
pioglitazone
mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones
PPAR-gamma receptor one
example of DPP-4 inhibitor
-gliptins
dPP-4
gliPtins
what do DPP4-inhibitors do
increase incretin levels
what do SGLT-2 inhibitors do
inhibit reabsorption of glucose in the kidney
example of SGLT-2 inhibitor
-gliflozins
example of GLP-1 agonists
-tides
GLP-1 agonists mechanism of action
incretin mimetic which inhibits glucagon secretion
how are GLP-1 agonists administered
subcutaneous
which diabetes drugs cause weight loss
SGLT-2 inhibitors
GLP-1 agonists
two G ones
causes of raised prolactin
- pregnancy
- prolactinoma
- physiological
- PCOS
- primary hypothyroidism
- phenothiazines, metoclopramide, domperidone
the p’s
blood results for primary hyperaldosteronism (conn’s)
- high aldosterone
- low renin
- high blood pressure
- high sodium
- raised bicarbonate
blood results for secondary hyperaldosteronism
- high aldosterone
- high renin
- low potassium
