passmed hwg again Flashcards by zoe coyne

if a child has a palpable abdominal mass what do you suspect

neuroblastoma
Wilm’s tumour

refer to paediatric consultant immediately

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side effect of SGLT2

UTIs

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in nephrogenic DI, what is the urine osmolality after desmopressin and after fluid deprivation

low after both

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is fludrocortisone required in addisonian crisis

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what is the most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism

bilateral adrenal hyperplasia

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treatment for a thyrotoxic storm

corticosteroids
beta blockers
prophyliouracil

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what is the whipple’s triad for an insulinoma

hypoglycaemia with fasting or exercise
reversal of symptoms with glucose
low blood glucose at time of symptoms

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what medication can be used for primary hyperparathyroidism

cinacalcet (calcium mimemic)

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if someone presents to the emergency department with unrecordable blood glucose, confusion and abdo pain, what is suspected

DKA

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most common drug to cause gynaecomastia

spironolactone

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initial management of DKA

IV 0.9% NaCl (saline)

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what drugs for immunosuppression

steroids

- cyclophophamide/rituximab

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what indicates that kidney disease is chronic and not acute

hypocalcaemia

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how can hydroceles be differentiated from other testicular lumps

they are not separate from the testes and transilluminate

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what drugs cause hyaline casts in urine

loop diuretics

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what is used as pre-treatment before goserelin in prostate cancer

flutamide

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first line management for chronic urinary retention

intermittent self catheterisation

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what are the classic symptoms of acute interstitial nephritis

allergic type picture

raised urinary WCC
IgE
eosinophils
rash
wheeze

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what is a risk of using 0.9% NaCL in patients requiring large volumes

hypercholaraemic metabolic acidosis

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which meniscal tear has pain and swelling

medial mensicus

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what does bone pain and isolated ALP indicate

Paget’s disease

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what does prescribing folic acid with methotrexate reduce the risk of

myelosuppression

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what is a late sign of cauda equina syndrome

urinary incontinence

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when can patients weight bear after hip fracture surgery

full weight bearing immediately post op

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theres is wasting of what in carpal tunnel syndrome

thenar eminence

if theres impaired external rotation on passive and active movement in the shoulder what does this suggest

adhesive capsulitis

in what part of the bone does osteomyelitis most commonly occur in children

metaphysis

if someone has bone pain, tenderness, proximal myopathy and waddling gait what does this suggest

osteomalacia

eye side effect of hydroxychloroquine

retinopathy

what rheumatoid disease are chemo patients at increased risk of getting

gout

treatment for acute reactive arthritis

NSAIDs

best way of diagnosing ankylosing spondylitis

pelvic x-ray

symptoms of dermatomyositis

- proximal muscle weakness - macular rash over back/shoulders - violet periorbital rash - red papules over extensor surfaces of fingers

how do you manage acute flares of rheumatoid arthritis

intramuscular steroids

what are x-ray features of ankylosing spondylitis

- sacroliitis: subchondral erosions, sclerosis - squaring of lumbar vertebrae - bamboo spine - syndesmophytes

treatment for an undisplaced fracture of the scaphoid waist

cast for 6-8 weeks

complication of discitis

epidural abscess

which antibody for UC

pANCA

what type of nodes do people with SLE get

osler nodes

what is squaring of the thumb base indicative of

osteoarthritis

what is squaring of the thumb base indicative of

osteoarthritis

management for subluxation of the radial head

passive supination of the elbow joint whilst flexed 90 degrees

features of an S1 lesion

- Sensory loss of posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral aspect of foot - weakness in plantar flexion of foot - reduced ankle reflex - positive sciatic nerve stretch test

what is this

eczema

what is this

psoriasis

what is the next step in the management of psoriasis after 8 weeks of topical corticosteroid has been tried with no effect

topical vit D analogues

which bacteria contributes to the development of acne

propionibacterium acnes

which autoimmune disorders are associated with vitiligo

- autoimmune thyroid disease - pernicious anaemia - SLE - alopecia areata - type 1 diabetes - addisons

how long is shingles infectious for

until vesicles have crusted over (usually 5-7 days after)

first line treatment for scalp psoriasis

topical corticosteroids

treatment for shingles

antivirals

first line treatment for hyperhidrosis

topical aluminium chloride

treatment for rosacea

mild/moderate - topical metronidazole | severe - oral tetracycline

what medication is contraindicated if you get migraines

the pill

which antibiotic is safe to use in breastfeeding for acne

erythromycin

at what ABPI is compression bandaging not used

<0.8

are venous ulcers painful

what is seen histologically in psoriasis

acanthosis | -increase in the epidermis depth

what is seen here histologically

hyperkeratosis

what is seen here histologically

papillomatosis | -skin surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of continuous dermal papillae

what is seen here histologically

acanthosis

what is seen here histologically

spongiosis

what does bowen's disease present as

irregular, scaly macule or patch

what type of UV causes actinic keratoses

UVB

what is seen here

bullous pemphigoid

definitive treatment for proliferative retinopathy

panretinal laser photocoagulation

who do you refer a child with a squint to

opthalmologist

what does ptosis and constricted pupil suggest

horner's

what does ptosis and dilated pupil suggest

third nerve palsy

what is seen on fundoscopy in papilloedema

- blurring of the optic disc margin - venous engorgement - elevation of optic disc cup - loss of optic disc cup

investigation for laryngeal cancer

chest x-ray

complication of thyroid surgery

damage to parathyroid glands can cause hypocalcaemia

in a diabetic with otitis externa what is the most likely causative organism and what antibiotic would you use for it

pseudomonas | -ciprofloxacin

what is the findings in a positive dix-hallpike maneouvre

onset of rotatory nystagmus

management of acute otitis media with perforation

oral antibiotic

common bacterial cause of otitis media in children

haemophilus influenzae

management of a patient with a new stridor after a neck surgery

remove sutures and call for senior help | -if there is a bleed post-operatively under the sutures, then this can press on the trachea

passmed hwg again Flashcards

(77 cards)