Intellectual Development and Academic Acheivement

Question 1

How did Alfred Binet think about intelligence?

Answer 1

As a complex set of processes.

Question 2

According to Alfred Binet, what is the hallmark of IQ? (3)

Answer 2

Higher-level reasoning, judgement, problem-solving.

Question 3

What did Stern give to the field?

Answer 3

The concept of IQ.

Question 4

According to Stern, what does IQ measure? (2)

Answer 4

1. Speed of cognitive growth 2. Child’s intelligence level relative to his/her age level.

Question 5

One-factor theories believe what about intelligence?

Answer 5

Intelligence is one global factor.

Question 6

Does Baby Einstein work?

Answer 6

No.

Question 7

What did Howard Gardner believe about intelligence?

Answer 7

“Multiple intelligences”. 8 different types of intelligence. Each ability is separate with unique learning potential.

Question 8

What were the findings from Terman’s Termites?

Answer 8

Longitudinal study that showed that child geniuses didn’t look much different from peers.

Question 9

When does IQ become more stable?

Answer 9

Around 9 or 10.

Question 10

What were the findings of the Scottish Mental Survey of 1932?

Answer 10

Correlations of IQ declines with older age.

Question 11

What does IQ predict? (3)

Answer 11

1. Grades in school. 2. Occupational attainment. 3. Income.

Question 12

What is IQ not a great predictor of? What is the better predictor?

Answer 12

Occupational performance. Practical intelligence is a better predictor.

Question 13

What is Cartell’s theory?

Answer 13

There is both fluid and crystallized intelligence.

Question 14

Describe the course of crystallized intelligence?

Answer 14

Raises until well into middle age, then levels off.

Question 15

Describe the course of fluid intelligence?

Answer 15

Raises until young adulthood, then decreases.

Question 16

Describe the course of overall intelligence?

Answer 16

Raises until well into middle age, then decreases.

Question 17

What are some factors that decrease IQ? (5)

Answer 17

1. Environmental risk. 2. Parental education. 3. Number of children in family (being youngest). 4. Parental unemployment. 5. Stress.

Question 18

How can intelligence be boasted? (4)

Answer 18

1. Positive change in the family. 2. Work environment. 3. Styles of parenting. 4. Schooling.

Question 19

What are two reasons to use IQ measures?

Answer 19

1. Predict academic success. 2. Comparisons among children.

Question 20

What are reasons to be cautions about using IQ measures? (2)

Answer 20

1. Possible biases. 2. Limited view of intelligence (no practical or creative intelligence).

Question 21

What two types of goals can student be motivated by?

Answer 21

1. Learning goals. 2. Performance goals.

Question 22

What are learning goals?

Answer 22

Desire to master material.

Question 23

What are performance goals?

Answer 23

Desire to do well on tests.

Question 24

What are entity beliefs? (4)

Answer 24

1. Intelligence is fixed. 2. Effort not needed. 3. Avoid failure situations. 4. Helpless response when challenged.

Question 25

What are incremental beliefs? (3)

Answer 25

1. Intelligence can be changed. 2. Effort is valued. 3. Enjoy challenges.

Question 26

What kind of motivation should be encouraged?

Answer 26

Internal motivation (i.e. not money for grades).

Question 27

Do Asian parents focus on effort or innate ability?

Answer 27

Effort.

Question 28

Who is typically thought to not have "Raw Brilliance?"

Answer 28

Women stereotyped as not having it, as well, as African-Americans.

Question 29

What is the Stereotype threat?

Answer 29

Idea that when a negative statement is activated, individuals perform more poorly.

Question 30

What are two types of praise?

Answer 30

1. Effort feedback. 2. Ability feedback.

Question 31

Which type of praise is most effective in motivating children?

Answer 31

Effort feedback.

Question 32

Do cultural views of IQ impact children and career choice?

Answer 32

Yes.

Question 33

What are the four major misconceptions about Common Core?

Answer 33

1. Created by government. 2. Mandate what and how students should be taught in schools. 3. Require a standard assessment. 4. Requires teachers to radically alter their teaching.

Question 34

How does the U.S. match up on achievement compared to other countries? What are we low at?

Answer 34

Generally, at, or below, average. Significantly low at math.

Question 35

Does the U.S. lag behind other countries in number of children in early education?

Answer 35

Yes.

Question 36

What is phonemic awareness?

Answer 36

Ability to identify component sounds within words.

Question 37

What is phonological recoding skills?

Answer 37

Ability to translate letters into sounds and to blend sounds into words; informally called sound out.